Reliable use of smart cameras for monitoring biometric parameters in buffalo precision livestock farming

Precision Livestock Farming, as a specific sub-sector of Public Health Informatics, focuses on the application of process engineering principles and techniques to achieve an automatic monitoring, modelling, and management of animal productions. In the present work a timely "protocol" is proposed for unobtrusive direct/indirect monitoring of biometric parameters for the estimation of body conditions on Mediterranean Buffalo populations, using low-cost automated systems already present on the market i.e., smart cameras endowed with depth perception capabilities.