Estimation of Nuclear Mass Formulas Coefficients Using Least-Squares Method Based on Gauss-Seidel Scheme: A Comparative Study Between Three Models

This paper presents the analysis and implementation of the least-squares method based on the Gauss-Seidel scheme for solving nuclear mass formulas. The least-squares method leads to the solution of the system by iterations. The main advantages of the discussed method are simplicity and high accuracy. Moreover, the method enables us to process large data quickly in practice. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, implementation using the FORTRAN language is carried out. The steps of the algorithm are detailed. Using 2331 nuclear masses with Z ≥ 8 and N ≥ 8, it was shown that the performance of the liquid drop mass formula with six parameters improved in terms of root mean square (r.m.s. deviation equals 1.28 MeV), compared to the formula of liquid drop mass with six parameters without microscopic energy, deformation energy and congruence energy (r.m.s. deviation equals 2.65 MeV). The nuclear liquid drop model is revisited to make explicit the role of the microscopic corrections (shell and pairing). Deformation energy and the congruence energy estimate have been used to obtain the best fit. It is shown that the performance of the new approach is improved by a model of eight parameters, compared to the previous model of six parameters. The obtained r.m.s. result for the new liquid drop model in terms of masses is equal to 1.05 MeV.