农场上的 5G:评估农业机器人的无线网络能力和需求

IF 2.1 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Machines Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI:10.3390/machines11121064
Tsvetan Zhivkov, Elizabeth Sklar, Duncan Botting, Simon Pearson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全球粮食安全是当今的一个关键问题,受到全球变暖、碳排放、社会政治和经济挑战、传统劳动力减少和人口增长等多种因素的影响。解决粮食安全问题的技术创新,如农业机器人技术,正在从受控实验室和实验测试设施转向真实世界环境,在行业环境中获得越来越多的关注。此类技术需要足够的网络基础设施来支持田间作业;因此,建立可靠、高速的无线通信网络解决方案以支持自主农业机器人的部署变得越来越迫切。本文介绍的工作包括网络基础设施与田间农业机器人技术交叉领域的两项贡献。首先,评估了专用 5G-SA 系统在农业机器人应用中的物理性能,并展示了现场实验结果。这些结果(使用相同的实验装置)与公共 4G 和专用 WiFi6(一种新兴的无线通信标准)进行了比较。其次,进行了一项模拟实验,以评估可能需要在现场机器人和机外处理之间快速周转的关键任务中的 "实时 "操作延迟。结果表明,在农业领域,公共 4G 不能用于需要高吞吐量和可靠通信的应用;专用 5G-SA 在所有性能指标上都大大优于公共 4G(如预期);专用 WiFi6 虽然范围有限,但在特定环境下是一种快速、非常可靠的替代方案。虽然目前还没有适用于农业领域的单一无线解决方案,但可以将多种技术结合起来,形成满足通信要求的混合解决方案。
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5G on the Farm: Evaluating Wireless Network Capabilities and Needs for Agricultural Robotics
Global food security is a critical issue today, strained by a wide range of factors including global warming, carbon emissions, sociopolitical and economic challenges, traditional workforce decline and population growth. Technical innovations that address food security, like agricultural robotics, are gaining traction in industry settings, moving from controlled labs and experimental test facilities to real-world environments. Such technologies require sufficient network infrastructure to support in-field operations; thus, there is increased urgency to establish reliable, high-speed wireless communication networking solutions that enable deployment of autonomous agri-robots. The work presented here includes two contributions at the intersection of network infrastructure and in-field agricultural robotics. First, the physical performance of a private 5G-SA system in an agri-robotics application is evaluated and in-field experimental results are presented. These results are compared (using the same experimental setup) against public 4G and private WiFi6 (a newly emerging wireless communication standard). Second, a simulated experiment was performed to assess the “real-time” operational delay in critical tasks that may require quick turnaround between in-field robot and off-board processing. The results demonstrate that public 4G cannot be used in the agricultural domain for applications that require high throughput and reliable communication; that private 5G-SA greatly outperforms public 4G in all performance metrics (as expected); and that private WiFi6, though limited in range, is a fast and very reliable alternative in specific settings. While a single wireless solution does not currently exist for the agricultural domain, multiple technologies can be combined in a hybrid solution that meets the communications requirements.
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来源期刊
Machines
Machines Multiple-
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
26.90%
发文量
1012
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Machines (ISSN 2075-1702) is an international, peer-reviewed journal on machinery and engineering. It publishes research articles, reviews, short communications and letters. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided. There are, in addition, unique features of this journal: *manuscripts regarding research proposals and research ideas will be particularly welcomed *electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure - if unable to be published in a normal way - can be deposited as supplementary material Subject Areas: applications of automation, systems and control engineering, electronic engineering, mechanical engineering, computer engineering, mechatronics, robotics, industrial design, human-machine-interfaces, mechanical systems, machines and related components, machine vision, history of technology and industrial revolution, turbo machinery, machine diagnostics and prognostics (condition monitoring), machine design.
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