Analysis of Essential Oil and Volatile Components of Different Organs of Isgin (Rheum ribes L.) Plant by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Method

Rheum ribes L. belongs to the family Polygonaceae and is locally known as "ışkın, ucgun, highland banana". In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction with a solvent mixture of methanol: ethyl acetate was used to isolate the volatiles of the plant from the root, stem, and leaf organs. The essential oils were extracted from the plant roots by water distillation to determine the essential oil content and composition. GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) was used to analyse the content of essential oils and extracts. Carvacrol (40.41%) and gamma-terpinene (%22.90) were used in the root extracts of the plant., 2,4-ditert-butylphenol (20.76%) and carvacrol (13.52%) in the stem extracts and 2,4-ditert-butylphenol (25.87%) and methyl formate (6.87%) in the leaf extracts. The volatile components of 6-butyl-3-methoxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one (30.06%) and 3-carene (16.42%) were found in the essential oil. When the structure of the volatile components in both the extract and the essential oil of the plant is examined, the presence of versatile volatile components that can be used in the production of pharmacological, bioactive, flavouring, dye material, and perfume indicated that the plant can be used as an important medicinal and aromatic plant source.