土壤条件和邻居身份对苏铁幼苗表现的影响

IF 1.7 Q3 ECOLOGY Ecologies Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI:10.3390/ecologies4040048
T. Marler
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引用次数: 0

摘要

迁移濒危植物物种和促进就地再生需要了解确定适宜栖息地特征的因素。我们采用了四种方法来确定关岛、雅浦和菲律宾的前世和当代植物特征如何影响苏铁幼苗的生长和存活。在母本树冠下生长的苏铁小乔木(Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill)或苏铁大乔木(Cycas nitida K.D. Hill & A. Lindstr.种植在同种雄性成年树下的苏铁幼苗在两年内的死亡率为68%,而种植在远离同种个体的地方的幼苗的存活率为100%。栽种在外来入侵的 Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit 或 Vitex parviflora Juss.单株树下的苏铁树苗,两年内死亡率达到 40%,而栽种在邻近原生林覆盖物上的树苗存活率为 100%。在同种、异种本地物种、木瓜(Carica papaya L.)、白花蛇舌草(L. leucocephala)或西洋牡荆(Vitex parviflora Juss)调节过的土壤中种植 9 个月的苏铁幼苗,在异种本地物种调节过的土壤中生长最快,而在三种入侵物种调节过的土壤中生长最慢。在同种土壤中生长的幼苗表现出最多的珊瑚状根和最大的芽根比。这些研究证实,前生植物和竞争植物的身份对苏铁幼苗的寿命和生长有很大影响。保护主义者在定位迁移项目时,可以避开曾遭受入侵植物物种侵袭的退化森林,从而改善结果。在生物多样性丰富的原生林中种植苏铁幼苗,但远离同种个体,可能会在种群恢复方面取得最大成功。
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Soil Conditioning and Neighbor Identity Influence on Cycas Seedling Performance
Translocation of endangered plant species and facilitating in situ regeneration require knowledge of the factors that define suitable habitat characteristics. Four approaches were employed to define how antecedent and contemporary plant identity influenced Cycas seedling growth and survival in Guam, Yap, and the Philippines. Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill or Cycas nitida K.D. Hill & A. Lindstr. seedlings growing beneath the canopy of the maternal parent tree reached 100% mortality in 4 to 8 year. Cycas micronesica seedlings planted beneath a conspecific male adult tree reached 68% mortality in two years while seedlings planted away from a conspecific individual exhibited 100% survival. Cycas micronesica seedlings planted beneath monostands of invasive Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit or Vitex parviflora Juss. reached 40% mortality in two years while seedlings planted in adjacent native forest cover exhibited 100% survival. Cycas micronesica seedlings planted in soil conditioned for 9 months by conspecifics, heterospecific native species, Carica papaya L., L. leucocephala, or V. parviflora exhibited the greatest growth in the soils conditioned by heterospecific natives and the least growth in the soils conditioned by the three invasive species. The seedlings growing in soil conditioned by conspecifics exhibited the most coralloid roots and the greatest shoot:root ratio. These studies confirmed that the identity of antecedent and competitive plants strongly influenced the longevity and growth of Cycas seedlings. Conservationists may improve outcomes by avoiding degraded forests that have experienced invasive plant species when positioning translocation projects. Planting Cycas seedlings in biodiverse native forest but away from a conspecific individual may lead to the greatest success in population recovery.
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