Assessing the Clinical Efficacy and Effectiveness of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Combined with Breast-Conserving Surgery for Early-Stage Breast Cancer

Objective: To analyze the impact of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) combined with breast-conserving surgery in the clinical treatment of early-stage breast cancer. Methods: 80 patients with early-stage breast cancer admitted to the Second Department of Breast Surgery at Dezhou Second People’s Hospital from September 2020 to September 2022 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group using the random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. The control group underwent a modified radical mastectomy, while the observation group underwent SLNB combined with breast-conserving surgery. The surgical efficacy and prognosis between the two groups were compared. Results: The observation group exhibited shorter operation, hospitalization, and extubation times, as well as less intraoperative blood loss and drainage volume, all of which were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the observation group demonstrated a higher rate of excellent breast cosmetology and quality of life, with lower complication incidence, significantly outperforming the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the metastasis rate and recurrence rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of SLNB and breast-conserving surgery proves highly effective for patients with early-stage breast cancer, presenting fewer complications and enhancing both breast cosmetic outcomes and quality of life.