Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of human mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hMSCs-Exo) carrying the NGF gene in treating ischemic stroke in rats, aiming to provide new insights and treatment methods for ischemic stroke therapy. Methods: After successful construction of the cerebral ischemia model in 40 male SPF-grade SD rats aged 6–8 weeks, the model rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Sham group, PBS group, hMSCs-Exo group, and NGF-hMSCs-Exo group, with 10 rats in each group. The rat MCAO model was prepared using the classic filament method, and NGF-hMSCs-Exo were injected via the tail vein into the MCAO model rats. The expression of the NGF gene in brain ischemic tissues, neuronal regeneration, and rat neurological function recovery were observed using TTC staining, memory function evaluation, Western blot, qRT-PCR, and other methods. Results: Compared with the Sham group, neurological deficits were significant in the PBS group (P < 0.01). Compared with the PBS group, neurological scores improved in the hMSCs-Exo group and NGF-hMSCs-Exo group (P < 0.05). Compared with the hMSCs-Exo group, the improvement in neurological deficits was more significant in the NGF-hMSCs-Exo group (P < 0.05). The infarct area after NGF-hMSCs-Exo intervention was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) compared with the Sham group. Compared with the PBS group, relative expression levels of NGF mRNA and protein decreased, while Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression significantly increased in the PBS group (P < 0.01). Compared with the PBS group and hMSCs-Exo group, there were differences in NGF and Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression in the NGF-hMSCs-Exo group rat brain tissues (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Treatment with human mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes carrying the NGF gene improves cognitive function and exerts protective effects on SD rats while inhibiting apoptotic levels in cells.
{"title":"Study on the Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Carrying NGF Gene in Treating Ischemic Stroke in Rats","authors":"Bing Li, Xuanxuan Xu, Wenqin Zhou, Peng Wang","doi":"10.26689/par.v8i4.7897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26689/par.v8i4.7897","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of human mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hMSCs-Exo) carrying the NGF gene in treating ischemic stroke in rats, aiming to provide new insights and treatment methods for ischemic stroke therapy. Methods: After successful construction of the cerebral ischemia model in 40 male SPF-grade SD rats aged 6–8 weeks, the model rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Sham group, PBS group, hMSCs-Exo group, and NGF-hMSCs-Exo group, with 10 rats in each group. The rat MCAO model was prepared using the classic filament method, and NGF-hMSCs-Exo were injected via the tail vein into the MCAO model rats. The expression of the NGF gene in brain ischemic tissues, neuronal regeneration, and rat neurological function recovery were observed using TTC staining, memory function evaluation, Western blot, qRT-PCR, and other methods. Results: Compared with the Sham group, neurological deficits were significant in the PBS group (P < 0.01). Compared with the PBS group, neurological scores improved in the hMSCs-Exo group and NGF-hMSCs-Exo group (P < 0.05). Compared with the hMSCs-Exo group, the improvement in neurological deficits was more significant in the NGF-hMSCs-Exo group (P < 0.05). The infarct area after NGF-hMSCs-Exo intervention was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) compared with the Sham group. Compared with the PBS group, relative expression levels of NGF mRNA and protein decreased, while Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression significantly increased in the PBS group (P < 0.01). Compared with the PBS group and hMSCs-Exo group, there were differences in NGF and Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression in the NGF-hMSCs-Exo group rat brain tissues (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Treatment with human mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes carrying the NGF gene improves cognitive function and exerts protective effects on SD rats while inhibiting apoptotic levels in cells.","PeriodicalId":20511,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Anticancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hossein Azari Bostanabad, Safa Mousavi, Mohammad Hossein Hosseini, Sadra Sarandili, Ali Esfahani, Babak Nejati
Objective: Pancytopenia is characterized by a reduction in all three types of blood cells: erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. Pancytopenia is caused by a wide range of diseases, leading to diagnostic conundrums. These causes can range from drug reactions to life-threatening diseases such as aplastic anemia and leukemia. This study aims to investigate the causes of pancytopenia, specifically focusing on age and gender differences among patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study includes patients of all ages diagnosed with pancytopenia, as indicated by a CBC/H1 showing a WBC count less than 4,000/µL, platelet count less than 150,000/µL, and hemoglobin levels below 12 g/dL in women and less than 13 g/dL in men. The study only included patients with pancytopenia who underwent bone marrow examination and were not subjected to chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Results: A total of 133 patients with pancytopenia were included in the study. The average age was 47.35 ± 17.62 years old, with 66% of the participants being male and 34% being female. Acute leukemia, specifically acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), was identified as the primary cause of pancytopenia, accounting for 31.5% of cases. Megaloblastic anemia was the second most common cause, accounting for 30% of cases, followed by aplastic anemia at 7.5%. Conclusion: Pancytopenia, a condition marked by the decrease in both erythrocytes and leukocytes as well as thrombocytes, can arise from a myriad of causes. The main findings of this study revealed that megaloblastic anemia, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) were the most common causes. Significantly, a considerable proportion of cases of pancytopenia can be attributed to acute leukemia. Hence, expeditious and accurate diagnosis is imperative and has the potential to save lives in such cases.
{"title":"Etiology of Pancytopenia in Tabriz Shahid Ghazi Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study in Iran","authors":"Hossein Azari Bostanabad, Safa Mousavi, Mohammad Hossein Hosseini, Sadra Sarandili, Ali Esfahani, Babak Nejati","doi":"10.26689/par.v8i4.7902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26689/par.v8i4.7902","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Pancytopenia is characterized by a reduction in all three types of blood cells: erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. Pancytopenia is caused by a wide range of diseases, leading to diagnostic conundrums. These causes can range from drug reactions to life-threatening diseases such as aplastic anemia and leukemia. This study aims to investigate the causes of pancytopenia, specifically focusing on age and gender differences among patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study includes patients of all ages diagnosed with pancytopenia, as indicated by a CBC/H1 showing a WBC count less than 4,000/µL, platelet count less than 150,000/µL, and hemoglobin levels below 12 g/dL in women and less than 13 g/dL in men. The study only included patients with pancytopenia who underwent bone marrow examination and were not subjected to chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Results: A total of 133 patients with pancytopenia were included in the study. The average age was 47.35 ± 17.62 years old, with 66% of the participants being male and 34% being female. Acute leukemia, specifically acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), was identified as the primary cause of pancytopenia, accounting for 31.5% of cases. Megaloblastic anemia was the second most common cause, accounting for 30% of cases, followed by aplastic anemia at 7.5%. Conclusion: Pancytopenia, a condition marked by the decrease in both erythrocytes and leukocytes as well as thrombocytes, can arise from a myriad of causes. The main findings of this study revealed that megaloblastic anemia, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) were the most common causes. Significantly, a considerable proportion of cases of pancytopenia can be attributed to acute leukemia. Hence, expeditious and accurate diagnosis is imperative and has the potential to save lives in such cases.","PeriodicalId":20511,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Anticancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To explore the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the staging of rectal cancer. Methods: Fifty patients with rectal cancer, treated at the Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, from March 2023 to June 2024, were selected. All patients underwent EUS and computed tomography (CT) examination within two weeks before surgery. The postoperative pathological staging was used as the standard to compare the accuracy of tumor TN staging using EUS and/or CT. Results: The accuracy rates of T and N staging by abdominal spiral CT were 72.00% and 76.00%, respectively, while those by EUS were 88.00% and 74%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the accuracy of T staging between the two methods (both P < 0.05). Conclusion: EUS has high diagnostic value in the staging of rectal cancer, providing important reference information for clinicians, aiding in the development of personalized treatment plans, and assessing patient prognosis.
目的：探讨内窥镜超声（EUS）在直肠癌分期中的诊断价值：探讨内镜超声（EUS）在直肠癌分期中的诊断价值。方法选取 2023 年 3 月至 2024 年 6 月期间在复旦大学附属肿瘤医院内镜科接受治疗的 50 例直肠癌患者。所有患者均在手术前两周内接受了 EUS 和计算机断层扫描（CT）检查。以术后病理分期为标准，比较 EUS 和/或 CT 对肿瘤 TN 分期的准确性。结果腹部螺旋 CT 的 T 和 N 分期准确率分别为 72.00% 和 76.00%，而 EUS 的准确率分别为 88.00% 和 74%。两种方法的T分期准确率差异显著（P均<0.05）。结论EUS 在直肠癌分期中具有很高的诊断价值，可为临床医生提供重要的参考信息，有助于制定个性化治疗方案和评估患者预后。
{"title":"Diagnostic Value of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Staging Rectal Cancer","authors":"Linxia Liu, Ke Chen","doi":"10.26689/par.v8i4.7898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26689/par.v8i4.7898","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the staging of rectal cancer. Methods: Fifty patients with rectal cancer, treated at the Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, from March 2023 to June 2024, were selected. All patients underwent EUS and computed tomography (CT) examination within two weeks before surgery. The postoperative pathological staging was used as the standard to compare the accuracy of tumor TN staging using EUS and/or CT. Results: The accuracy rates of T and N staging by abdominal spiral CT were 72.00% and 76.00%, respectively, while those by EUS were 88.00% and 74%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the accuracy of T staging between the two methods (both P < 0.05). Conclusion: EUS has high diagnostic value in the staging of rectal cancer, providing important reference information for clinicians, aiding in the development of personalized treatment plans, and assessing patient prognosis.","PeriodicalId":20511,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Anticancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer treatment in colorectal cancer patients. Methods: A total of 50 colorectal cancer patients treated between August 2018 and August 2023 were randomly divided into two groups: Group A underwent laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery, while Group B received open surgery. Clinical indicators, inflammatory factors, immune function indicators, and complications were compared between the two groups. Results: Group A showed significantly shorter operation times, faster recovery times, and reduced hospital stays compared to Group B. Additionally, Group A had less abdominal drainage and intraoperative bleeding (P < 0.05). Levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were lower in Group A compared to Group B (P < 0.05). Furthermore, immune function indicators, including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ ratios, were better in Group A (P < 0.05). The complication rate in Group A was also lower than in Group B (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic radical treatment for colorectal cancer is efficient and feasible, causing minimal immune function impairment and inflammatory response. It also shortens postoperative recovery time.
目的：探讨腹腔镜大肠癌根治术对大肠癌患者的治疗效果：探讨腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术对结直肠癌患者的治疗效果。方法：将2018年8月至2023年8月期间接受治疗的50例结直肠癌患者作为研究对象：将2018年8月至2023年8月期间接受治疗的50例结直肠癌患者随机分为两组：A组接受腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术，B组接受开腹手术。比较两组患者的临床指标、炎症因子、免疫功能指标和并发症。结果显示此外，A 组的腹腔引流和术中出血量更少（P < 0.05）。与 B 组相比，A 组的白细胞介素（IL）-4、IL-6、超敏 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平较低（P < 0.05）。此外，A 组的免疫功能指标，包括 CD3+、CD4+、CD8+ 和 CD4+/CD8+ 比值，均优于 B 组（P < 0.05）。A 组的并发症发生率也低于 B 组（P < 0.05）。结论腹腔镜大肠癌根治术高效可行，对免疫功能损伤和炎症反应的影响极小。它还能缩短术后恢复时间。
{"title":"Clinical Efficacy of Laparoscopic Radical Colorectal Cancer Treatment for Colorectal Cancer and Its Effect on Immune Function","authors":"Danguang Liu","doi":"10.26689/par.v8i4.7905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26689/par.v8i4.7905","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer treatment in colorectal cancer patients. Methods: A total of 50 colorectal cancer patients treated between August 2018 and August 2023 were randomly divided into two groups: Group A underwent laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery, while Group B received open surgery. Clinical indicators, inflammatory factors, immune function indicators, and complications were compared between the two groups. Results: Group A showed significantly shorter operation times, faster recovery times, and reduced hospital stays compared to Group B. Additionally, Group A had less abdominal drainage and intraoperative bleeding (P < 0.05). Levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were lower in Group A compared to Group B (P < 0.05). Furthermore, immune function indicators, including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ ratios, were better in Group A (P < 0.05). The complication rate in Group A was also lower than in Group B (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic radical treatment for colorectal cancer is efficient and feasible, causing minimal immune function impairment and inflammatory response. It also shortens postoperative recovery time.","PeriodicalId":20511,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Anticancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancer pain, as a common complication in patients with malignant tumors, is regarded as the fifth vital sign. The involvement of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of malignant tumors has become a distinctive feature of oncology treatment in China. It is also an important component of cancer pain management. TCM analgesic treatments include various methods, such as internal medicine and external therapies. External analgesic therapies, in particular, are significant methods in TCM pain management and offer both local treatment and systemic regulation. These methods are simple, easy to perform, and non-invasive. They can enhance pain relief effects while reducing the difficulty of oral medication intake and avoiding adverse gastrointestinal reactions, providing new perspectives and approaches for cancer pain treatment with broad development prospects. This article provides a review of the external TCM therapies for cancer pain to share with peers in the field.
{"title":"Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment for Cancer Pain","authors":"Dan Yi, Mengnan Du, X. Zhang, Ying Zhang","doi":"10.26689/par.v8i4.7900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26689/par.v8i4.7900","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer pain, as a common complication in patients with malignant tumors, is regarded as the fifth vital sign. The involvement of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of malignant tumors has become a distinctive feature of oncology treatment in China. It is also an important component of cancer pain management. TCM analgesic treatments include various methods, such as internal medicine and external therapies. External analgesic therapies, in particular, are significant methods in TCM pain management and offer both local treatment and systemic regulation. These methods are simple, easy to perform, and non-invasive. They can enhance pain relief effects while reducing the difficulty of oral medication intake and avoiding adverse gastrointestinal reactions, providing new perspectives and approaches for cancer pain treatment with broad development prospects. This article provides a review of the external TCM therapies for cancer pain to share with peers in the field.","PeriodicalId":20511,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Anticancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liver hepatocellular cancer (LIHC) is positioned as the third cancer with the highest mortalities worldwide, and high mortalities are associated with late diagnosis and recurrence. This study advances bioinformatics analysis of FAM3A expression in LIHC to evaluate its potential as a prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker. Bioinformatics tools such as UALCAN, GEPIA2, KM plotter, TIMER2 and cBioPortal are employed to conduct analysis. Initially, the expression analysis revealed up-regulation of FAM3A in LIHC based on various variables. Further, the study observed that FAM3A methylation regulates expression as variation in methylation level of FAM3A was assessed in LIHC. Moreover, this over-expression of FAM3A results in poor overall survival (OS) in LIHC patients. All of these proposed that FAM3A has a role in the progression and development of LIHC. While examined association of FAM3A expression and infiltration level of CD8+ T cells in LIHC patients using TIMER2 revealed that FAM3A has a positive correlation with purity in LIHC that highlights the molecular landscape. Analysis of genetic alteration revealed minute role of FAM3A in LIHC still provides valuable insight. Overall, our findings reveal that FAM3A has potential as diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic biomarkers in LIHC.
{"title":"A Bioinformatics Analysis of FAM3A to Identify its Potential Role as a Biomarker in Liver Hepatocellular Cancer","authors":"Syed Hussain Raza","doi":"10.26689/par.v8i4.7461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26689/par.v8i4.7461","url":null,"abstract":"Liver hepatocellular cancer (LIHC) is positioned as the third cancer with the highest mortalities worldwide, and high mortalities are associated with late diagnosis and recurrence. This study advances bioinformatics analysis of FAM3A expression in LIHC to evaluate its potential as a prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker. Bioinformatics tools such as UALCAN, GEPIA2, KM plotter, TIMER2 and cBioPortal are employed to conduct analysis. Initially, the expression analysis revealed up-regulation of FAM3A in LIHC based on various variables. Further, the study observed that FAM3A methylation regulates expression as variation in methylation level of FAM3A was assessed in LIHC. Moreover, this over-expression of FAM3A results in poor overall survival (OS) in LIHC patients. All of these proposed that FAM3A has a role in the progression and development of LIHC. While examined association of FAM3A expression and infiltration level of CD8+ T cells in LIHC patients using TIMER2 revealed that FAM3A has a positive correlation with purity in LIHC that highlights the molecular landscape. Analysis of genetic alteration revealed minute role of FAM3A in LIHC still provides valuable insight. Overall, our findings reveal that FAM3A has potential as diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic biomarkers in LIHC.","PeriodicalId":20511,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Anticancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system has garnered significant attention in recent years as a means of studying cell behavior and tissue development, as opposed to traditional two-dimensional cultures. These systems can induce specific cell reactions, promote specific tissue functions, and serve as valuable tools for research in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug discovery. This paper discusses current developments in the field of three-dimensional cell culture and the potential applications of 3D type 1 collagen gels to enhance the growth and maturation of dendritic cells.
{"title":"3D Collagen Gels: A Promising Platform for Dendritic Cell Culture in Biomaterials Research","authors":"K. Shanmugam","doi":"10.26689/par.v8i4.7686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26689/par.v8i4.7686","url":null,"abstract":"The three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system has garnered significant attention in recent years as a means of studying cell behavior and tissue development, as opposed to traditional two-dimensional cultures. These systems can induce specific cell reactions, promote specific tissue functions, and serve as valuable tools for research in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug discovery. This paper discusses current developments in the field of three-dimensional cell culture and the potential applications of 3D type 1 collagen gels to enhance the growth and maturation of dendritic cells.","PeriodicalId":20511,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Anticancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141923527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehran Khan, Muhammad Arbab Nasir, Muhammad Umar, Asadullah Faiz, Mirza Muhammad Abdul Bari, Ayesha Saeed, Fiza Nazeer Khan, Saliha Mehboob, Malik Akashah, Usama Tayyab
Introduction: Chronic diseases are becoming more prevalent worldwide. The effects of chronic illnesses are disastrous not only for the diagnosed person but also for their entire family. This study explores chronic diseases’ social and economic impact on low-income families. The study aims to determine the economic and social implications of various chronic diseases and the loss of income due to these conditions among low-income individuals in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Methodology: A sample of 424 patients was selected from different areas of Southern Punjab. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included questions about economic status, self-reported health status, social status, management strategies, and health insurance, among other factors. Results: The mean monthly income of the respondents was found to be 57,097.6 Pakistani rupee (PKR), and the mean monthly expenses for treatment were 8,256.1 PKR. The loss of income was calculated at 15%. Additionally, 62% of patients spent more than 10% of their monthly income on managing their disease. Approximately 85% of the respondents reported that chronic diseases affected their social life. Furthermore, 80% of patients lacked health insurance. Conclusion: Chronic diseases impose significant economic and social burdens on patients and their families in Southern Punjab. To reduce the burden of chronic diseases, the government should enhance healthcare services in this region and provide health insurance to low-income families.
{"title":"Economic and Social Impact Assessment of Chronic Diseases Among the Low-Income Population in Southern Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Mehran Khan, Muhammad Arbab Nasir, Muhammad Umar, Asadullah Faiz, Mirza Muhammad Abdul Bari, Ayesha Saeed, Fiza Nazeer Khan, Saliha Mehboob, Malik Akashah, Usama Tayyab","doi":"10.26689/par.v8i4.7282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26689/par.v8i4.7282","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic diseases are becoming more prevalent worldwide. The effects of chronic illnesses are disastrous not only for the diagnosed person but also for their entire family. This study explores chronic diseases’ social and economic impact on low-income families. The study aims to determine the economic and social implications of various chronic diseases and the loss of income due to these conditions among low-income individuals in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Methodology: A sample of 424 patients was selected from different areas of Southern Punjab. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included questions about economic status, self-reported health status, social status, management strategies, and health insurance, among other factors. Results: The mean monthly income of the respondents was found to be 57,097.6 Pakistani rupee (PKR), and the mean monthly expenses for treatment were 8,256.1 PKR. The loss of income was calculated at 15%. Additionally, 62% of patients spent more than 10% of their monthly income on managing their disease. Approximately 85% of the respondents reported that chronic diseases affected their social life. Furthermore, 80% of patients lacked health insurance. Conclusion: Chronic diseases impose significant economic and social burdens on patients and their families in Southern Punjab. To reduce the burden of chronic diseases, the government should enhance healthcare services in this region and provide health insurance to low-income families.","PeriodicalId":20511,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Anticancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This review article explores phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)’s role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) through comprehensive expression and methylation examinations, genetic mutation investigation, and prognostic evaluation. Using the UALCAN informational collection, PTEN expression examination uncovered a critical over-expression in HNSCC cells isolated from normal control samples, proposing its role in HNSCC multiplication. Further, analysis of PTEN expression across various clinical limits has shown critical up-regulation in different cancer development stages, racial groups, gender, and age classes within the context of HNSCC patients, suggesting its major role in cancer duplication. PTEN expression was validated by utilizing the GEPIA2.0 online tool, which showed PTEN expression was particularly significantly expressed in HNSCC cancer improvement when it appeared differently from normal control samples. Accordingly, examining PTEN validation across different phases of cancer advancement showed dysregulation in each of the four phases with the most raised expression in stage I and the least expression in stage IV. Thus, this study investigated the promoter methylation level of PTEN, figuring out a basic relationship between HNSCC samples and normal control samples. Analyzing promoter methylation across various clinical limits uncovered massive variations, with specific methylation patterns seen across malignant growth stages, race groups, gender, and age groups. Overall survival and disease-free survival (OS and DFS) utilizing the KM plotter tool showed a critical relationship between PTEN expression levels in HNSCC patients, showing high PTEN expression exhibited good overall survival when showed up distinctively comparable to low PTEN expression levels. In addition, in disease-free survival (DFS) evaluation HNSCC patients showing low PTEN expression experienced great DFS relative to HNSCC patients with high PTEN expression. Moreover, to validate PTEN expression against survival, the study examined the HNSCC patients into low and high-expression groups of PTEN. In HNSCC, low PTEN expression was connected with great overall survival (OS) when it appeared contrastingly relative to the high PTEN expression. In like manner, the study found that low PTEN expression level was connected with great DFS in HNSCC when it appeared contrastingly related to the high PTEN expression group. Genetic mutation analysis via cBioPortal identifies a minimal proportion of PTEN mutations in HNSCC, predominantly in-frame mutation, missense mutation, splice mutation, truncating mutation, and structural variant, indicating their basal significance in PTEN dysregulation within HNSCC. Further investigation of PTEN molecular components and their exchange inside the HNSCC microenvironment might disclose novel roads for designated treatment and accurate medication approaches in battling this harmful disease.
{"title":"PTEN as a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Zain Ali, Akbar Ali","doi":"10.26689/par.v8i4.7417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26689/par.v8i4.7417","url":null,"abstract":"This review article explores phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)’s role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) through comprehensive expression and methylation examinations, genetic mutation investigation, and prognostic evaluation. Using the UALCAN informational collection, PTEN expression examination uncovered a critical over-expression in HNSCC cells isolated from normal control samples, proposing its role in HNSCC multiplication. Further, analysis of PTEN expression across various clinical limits has shown critical up-regulation in different cancer development stages, racial groups, gender, and age classes within the context of HNSCC patients, suggesting its major role in cancer duplication. PTEN expression was validated by utilizing the GEPIA2.0 online tool, which showed PTEN expression was particularly significantly expressed in HNSCC cancer improvement when it appeared differently from normal control samples. Accordingly, examining PTEN validation across different phases of cancer advancement showed dysregulation in each of the four phases with the most raised expression in stage I and the least expression in stage IV. Thus, this study investigated the promoter methylation level of PTEN, figuring out a basic relationship between HNSCC samples and normal control samples. Analyzing promoter methylation across various clinical limits uncovered massive variations, with specific methylation patterns seen across malignant growth stages, race groups, gender, and age groups. Overall survival and disease-free survival (OS and DFS) utilizing the KM plotter tool showed a critical relationship between PTEN expression levels in HNSCC patients, showing high PTEN expression exhibited good overall survival when showed up distinctively comparable to low PTEN expression levels. In addition, in disease-free survival (DFS) evaluation HNSCC patients showing low PTEN expression experienced great DFS relative to HNSCC patients with high PTEN expression. Moreover, to validate PTEN expression against survival, the study examined the HNSCC patients into low and high-expression groups of PTEN. In HNSCC, low PTEN expression was connected with great overall survival (OS) when it appeared contrastingly relative to the high PTEN expression. In like manner, the study found that low PTEN expression level was connected with great DFS in HNSCC when it appeared contrastingly related to the high PTEN expression group. Genetic mutation analysis via cBioPortal identifies a minimal proportion of PTEN mutations in HNSCC, predominantly in-frame mutation, missense mutation, splice mutation, truncating mutation, and structural variant, indicating their basal significance in PTEN dysregulation within HNSCC. Further investigation of PTEN molecular components and their exchange inside the HNSCC microenvironment might disclose novel roads for designated treatment and accurate medication approaches in battling this harmful disease.","PeriodicalId":20511,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Anticancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To comprehensively understand the changes and prevalence of major chronic diseases among residents of Tinghu District, Yancheng City, in 2021, and to analyze the trends of the major risk factors for the onset of chronic diseases in the region. Methods: Chronic diseases and their risk factors in Tinghu District in 2021 were monitored among the resident population who had lived in the district for five years or more and were aged 18 years or older. The survey was conducted using random cluster sampling, with 7,130 questionnaires collected. After data processing, 7,012 valid questionnaires were obtained, resulting in a qualification rate of 98.35%. Results: Among the chronic diseases reported in the survey population, hypertension had the highest prevalence at 37.61%, followed by dyslipidemia at 37.19%. Other chronic diseases were ranked in order of prevalence from highest to lowest. Regardless of gender, the top three chronic diseases were hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Multifactorial regression analysis identified both non-preventable risk factors (such as family history, gender, and age) and preventable risk factors (such as smoking, sedentary behavior, overweight, and obesity) as significant contributors to the major chronic diseases in Tinghu District. Conclusion: Analyzing the trends in the main risk factors for chronic disease incidence in Tinghu District, Yancheng City, provides a basis for developing a new comprehensive chronic disease prevention and control plan to address chronic disease prevention and management.
{"title":"Surveillance Report of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Tinghu District, Yancheng City, 2021","authors":"Lili Yan, Zhiqin Kai","doi":"10.26689/par.v8i4.7904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26689/par.v8i4.7904","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To comprehensively understand the changes and prevalence of major chronic diseases among residents of Tinghu District, Yancheng City, in 2021, and to analyze the trends of the major risk factors for the onset of chronic diseases in the region. Methods: Chronic diseases and their risk factors in Tinghu District in 2021 were monitored among the resident population who had lived in the district for five years or more and were aged 18 years or older. The survey was conducted using random cluster sampling, with 7,130 questionnaires collected. After data processing, 7,012 valid questionnaires were obtained, resulting in a qualification rate of 98.35%. Results: Among the chronic diseases reported in the survey population, hypertension had the highest prevalence at 37.61%, followed by dyslipidemia at 37.19%. Other chronic diseases were ranked in order of prevalence from highest to lowest. Regardless of gender, the top three chronic diseases were hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Multifactorial regression analysis identified both non-preventable risk factors (such as family history, gender, and age) and preventable risk factors (such as smoking, sedentary behavior, overweight, and obesity) as significant contributors to the major chronic diseases in Tinghu District. Conclusion: Analyzing the trends in the main risk factors for chronic disease incidence in Tinghu District, Yancheng City, provides a basis for developing a new comprehensive chronic disease prevention and control plan to address chronic disease prevention and management.","PeriodicalId":20511,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Anticancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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