尼日利亚北部一家三级医院产前检查妇女中的妊娠糖尿病

A. Danladi, Y. Aremu-Kasumu, Kabiru B. Sada, Olaniyi T. Fasanu, Sikiru A. Yusuf
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摘要

导言:患有妊娠糖尿病(GDM)的妇女围产期和孕产期的不良发病率和死亡率都会增加。因此,及早发现和治疗这种疾病对确保母婴的良好结局至关重要。 目的:本研究旨在确定尼日利亚赞法拉州古绍联邦医疗中心(FMCG)产前就诊者中 GDM 的患病率和相关风险因素。研究方法进行了一项描述性横断面研究。筛查在孕龄 24 至 28 周之间进行,采用 75 克口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT)。使用葡萄糖氧化酶法进行血浆葡萄糖测量。GDM 根据 2013 年世界卫生组织诊断标准进行诊断。数据使用表格收集,并使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)第 26 版进行分析。描述性数据以频率表的形式呈现。使用卡方和多变量分析(奇数比和 CI)进行统计检验,显著性水平设定为 P< 0.05。结果共招募了 136 名孕龄在 24-28 周之间的妇女。参与者的平均年龄为(25.9±5.4)岁。发现 GDM 患病率为 16.9%。仅凭空腹血糖就能正确诊断出 87% 的患者。既往巨型儿(≥4 千克)史和既往妊娠 GDM 史与 GDM 有显著相关性。结论GDM 在古绍联邦医疗中心的产前就诊者中发病率很高。
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among women attending antenatal clinic in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Nigeria
Introduction: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at an increased risk of adverse perinatal and maternal morbidities and mortalities. Hence, early detection and management of this condition is vital to ensure a good outcome for both mother and baby. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for GDM among antenatal attendees in Federal Medical Centre Gusau (FMCG), Zamfara state, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. Screening was done between 24 and 28-weeks gestational age with a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Plasma glucose measurements was performed using the glucose oxidase method. GDM was diagnosed according to the 2013 WHO diagnostic criteria. Data were collected using a proforma and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 26. Descriptive data were presented in frequency tables. Statistical testing using Chi-square, and multivariate analysis (Odd ratio and CI) were carried out with a level of significance set as P< 0.05. Results: One hundred and thirty-six women between the gestational ages of 24-28 weeks were recruited. The mean age of the participants was 25.9±5.4 years. The prevalence of GDM was found to be 16.9%. Fasting blood glucose alone correctly diagnosed 87% of the patients. Previous history of macrosomic babies (≥4kg) and history of GDM in previous pregnancies were significantly associated with GDM. Conclusion: The prevalence of GDM is high among antenatal attendees in Federal Medical center, Gusau.
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