气候紧急状况是否属于宪法紧急状况?

Francesco Gallarati
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摘要

迄今为止,全世界已有 2000 多个公共当局宣布了 "气候紧急状况"。这些宣布是否属于宪法规定的 "紧急状态 "范畴?它们会带来什么法律后果?为了回答这些问题,本文结合气候问题的特点,探讨了宪法紧急状态的基本特征,这些基本特征源于法律学术研究和当代宪法。结论是,气候变化不能归入宪法紧急状态的范畴,而应归入宪法危机的范畴,因为它不需要暂时中止宪法秩序,而是需要对其进行结构性修改。
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Is Climate Emergency a Constitutional Emergency?
More than 2,000 public authorities worldwide have to date declared a “climate emergency”. Can these declarations be framed within the constitutional category of emergency? And what legal consequences do they entail? To answer these questions, this paper confronts the basic features of constitutional emergencies, as arising from legal scholarship and contemporary Constitutions, with the characteristics of the climate issue. The conclusion is that climate change cannot be framed within the category of constitutional emergency, but rather in that of constitutional crisis, as it does not require a temporary suspension of the constitutional order but a structural modification of it.
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