理解离去:社会和宗教中的死亡观点多样性

Noemi Dora Gomez, Kjara Aidee Limachi, Giselle Daiana Mendez, Andrea Soledad Ramirez, Anahi Juliana Saavedra, Marina Lilliam Taboada
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摘要

对于生物医学来说,"死亡是不可逆转的意识能力和内容的丧失,而意识提供了人的基本属性,并整合了整个机体的功能"。直到 19 世纪,决定一个人死亡的器官一直是心脏。然而,随着医学的发展,其他迹象也被认为是宣布一个人死亡的标志。这些生物迹象包括大脑功能停止、呼吸停止、血液循环停止以及心脏停止跳动。医生认为,脑死亡的人表现为没有动作、反复面无表情、不停地眨眼、对光线没有反应以及没有自主呼吸。在这篇文章的最后,我们必须认识到,作为在日常生活中证明死亡的卫生专业人员,了解死亡概念对我们的重要性,因为这可以让我们阐明社会在死亡面前以及在一般社会游戏中所采取的态度;同时,这种做法如何有利于认识和了解不同文化、社会和宗教如何面对死亡,以便能够成为具有跨文化死亡观的护士。
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Understanding Departure: Diversity of Perspectives on Death in Societies and Religions
For biomedicine, "death is the irreversible loss of the capacity and content of the consciousness that provides the essential attributes of the human being and that integrate the functioning of the organism as a whole". Until well into the 19th century, the organ that determined a person's death was the heart. If the heart stopped beating, death had won the battle; however, with the advance of medicine, other signs are considered to declare a person dead. Among these biological signs are the cessation of brain function, breathing, blood circulation and when the heart stops beating. Doctors affirm that a brain-dead person manifests the absence of movements, repeated grimaces, incessant blinking, not responding to light and not breathing independently. To conclude with this essay, we must recognize the importance for us as health professionals who evidence death in our daily lives to be aware of the concept of death since this allows us to articulate the attitudes that are socially assumed in front of it and in general, with the social game; and, at the same time, how this practice favours that awareness and know how different cultures, societies and religions face death, in order to be able to be nurses with an intercultural vision about death.
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