俄罗斯大学的定价:相互竞争的大学如何影响学费?

A. Dmitrienko, A. L. Myachin
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摘要

本文分析了俄罗斯国立大学在竞争对手影响学费教育市场的背景下的定价策略。研究的目的是了解当地高等教育市场的竞争如何影响俄罗斯国立大学的定价策略。国立高等经济研究大学实施的 "俄罗斯高校招生质量监测 "数据为本研究奠定了实证基础。在模式分析方法(有序固定模式聚类和有序不变模式聚类)的帮助下,考虑到本科和专科招生规模和质量的特征指标,确定了大学的同质群体。以技术专业为例,作者展示了预测相应同质组大学 2011-2019 年教育价格的回归模型。结果表明,每个同质大学群体都有一个或几个市场领导者,他们在制定学费时是该群体中其他大学的基准。与此同时,大学的定价策略也是以其需求细分市场和专业群中的市场领导者为导向。这些特点表明,大学之间为争夺生源和资金而展开的竞争导致某些利基市场出现了市场领导者。在某些大学群体中,由于国家政策的特殊性和俄罗斯教育格局的高度异质性,地方和地区一级的市场领导者明显领先于竞争对手。
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Pricing in Russian Universities: How Do Competing Universities Infl uence Tuition Fees?
The paper analyzes the pricing strategies of Russian state universities in the context of the competitors’ influence over the tuition-paying education market. The aim of the study is to find out how competition in local higher education markets affects the pricing strategies of Russian state universities. The empirical basis of the study is formed by the data of the Monitoring of Enrollment Quality at Russian Universities implemented by National Research University Higher School of Economics. With the help of pattern analysis methods (order-fixed and order-invariant pattern clustering), homogeneous groups of universities are identified taking into account indicators, which characterize the scale and quality of admission to bachelor and specialist programs. On the example of technical programs, the authors demonstrate the regression model for predicting the 2011–2019 education prices in universities of corresponding homogeneous groups. The results show that each homogeneous group of universities has one or several market leaders who serve as benchmarks for other universities in that group when setting tuition fees. At the same time, university pricing strategies involve orienting towards market leaders in their demand segments and specialty groups. The identified features confirm that competition among universities for students and funding leads to the appearance of market leaders in certain market niches. In some groups of universities, there are clear market leaders at the local and regional levels who have a significant lead over competitors due to the peculiarities of state policy and high heterogeneity of the Russian educational landscape.
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