电脉冲消融法生产的药物对大豆植物病原菌发展的影响

Tetiana Hnatiuk, Olha Kravchenko, Leonid Abarbarchuk, Andrii Churilov, V. Chobotar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大豆斑点病(Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. glycinea)和大豆脓疱病(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines)的病原菌是常见的植物病原菌。然而,由于缺乏针对这些病菌的正式注册药物,人们开始寻找新的解决方案。这项研究旨在确定这些通过电脉冲消融法获得的微量营养素制剂对大豆人工感染脓疱病和角斑病病原体博物馆菌株过程中细菌的影响。所研究制剂的抗菌活性与未经处理的变体以及基于氟啶虫酰胺和 Metalaxyl-M 的传统化学农药的效果进行了比较。病害的蔓延和发展情况是通过受害植株的数量来评估的,评分标准为 0 至 4 分。研究发现,大豆的品种特性会影响植物病原菌的感染程度。研究还发现,天气条件,尤其是气温,是导致病害发生的一个重要因素。研究证明,与对照组(未进行处理)相比,在未进行额外叶面处理的情况下,使用基于氟啶虫酰胺和 Metalaxyl-M 的化学农药进行种子处理不会减少病害的表现和危害程度。与对照变体相比,使用基于 Fludioxonil 和 Metalaxyl-M 的化学农药进行敷料和叶面处理只能部分减少细菌病的表现(约减少 15%)。与此同时,在大豆栽培技术系统中使用电脉冲烧蚀法获得的制剂对植物病原菌很有希望,即在大豆植株条件下,根据舒适方案(消耗量 - 150 毫升/吨种子)+Dobrodiy 肥料(消耗量 - 2、4 升/吨种子)+微量元素制剂 "Micro Protect"(用量为 500 毫升/吨种子)+用指定的微量元素制剂混合物进行两次叶面处理的条件下,大豆植株受损的时间会推迟到收获时,这反过来又可能导致产量增加。这项工作的实际意义在于确定控制危害大豆的植物病原菌的有效方法
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Influence of drugs produced by electropulse ablation methods on the development of soybean phytopathogenic bacteria
The causative agents of soybean blotch (Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. glycinea) and soybean pustular bacteriosis (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines) are common phytopathogenic bacteria. However, the lack of officially registered drugs against them stimulates the search for new solutions. The research aims to determine the effect of these micronutrient preparations obtained by electropulse ablation on bacteria during artificial infection of soybean with museum strains of pustular bacteriosis and angular spot pathogens. The antibacterial activity of the studied preparations was compared with the untreated variants and the effect of traditional chemical pesticides based on Fludioxonil and Metalaxyl-M. The spread and development of the disease were assessed by the number of affected plants using a scale from 0 to 4 points. It was found that varietal characteristics of soybeans affect the degree of infection by phytopathogenic bacteria. It was found that weather conditions, in particular air temperature, are a significant factor in the development of disease manifestations. It was proved that seed treatment with a chemical pesticide based on Fludioxonil and Metalaxyl-M in the absence of additional foliar treatment does not reduce the manifestations and degree of damage compared to the control (without treatment). Dressing and foliar treatment with a chemical pesticide based on Fludioxonil and Metalaxyl-M only partially reduce the manifestations of bacteriosis compared to the control variants (by about 15%). At the same time, the use of preparations obtained by electropulse ablation methods is promising against phytopathogenic bacteria in the system of soybean cultivation technology – namely, it was determined that under the condition of soybean plants treatment with experimental preparations according to the Comfort scheme (consumption – 150 ml/t of seeds) + Dobrodiy fertilizer (consumption – 2, 4 l/t of seeds) + microelement preparation “Micro Protect” (consumption of 500 ml/t of seeds) + two foliar treatments with the specified mixture of microelement preparations, the delay in the manifestation of plant damage until the time of harvesting is increased, which in turn is likely to lead to an increase in yields. The practical significance of the work is to determine effective methods of controlling phytopathogenic bacteria that harm soybeans
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