"永远看清生活的光明面"

IF 1.2 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Journal of Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI:10.1027/1614-0001/a000413
Sindhuja Sankaran, E. Szumowska, M. Kossowska
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:大多数关于抑郁性反刍的研究一般都与成绩下降有关。然而,如果反刍与反思相关联,则可能具有适应性,从而提高任务绩效。与反刍相关的任务绩效改善机制尚不为人知。因此,本研究对努力的作用进行了调查,以了解反思能力强的人是如何完成任务的。我们认为,反思能力强的人会比反思能力弱的人对 "努力一致 "的线索更敏感,因此会采取额外的步骤投入更多的努力,从而转化为任务绩效的提高。我们操纵了努力投入的动机状态(努力增强与努力减弱),并测试了反思的个体差异对多目标任务表现的影响。结果显示,当被要求集中精力完成需要付出更多努力的任务时,反思能力强的人(与反思能力弱的人)表现得更好。这些新见解为反刍的双重模型理论做出了有意义的贡献。
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“Always Look on the Bright Side of Life”
Abstract: Most research on depressive rumination is generally related to performance deterioration. Rumination, however, may be adaptive if it is associated with reflection, improving task performance. The mechanisms responsible for improved task performance related to rumination are not well-known. Thus, this study investigated the role of effort in understanding how people, high on reflection, engage in task performance. We argue that high reflectors would be more sensitive to “effort congruent” cues than low reflectors and would, therefore, take that extra step to invest more effort, which would then be translated into improved task performance. We manipulated motivational states of effort investment (effort enhancing vs. effort minimizing) and tested the effect of individual differences in reflection on the performance of the multiple-goal task. Results showed that high reflectors (vs. low) performed better when asked to focus on tasks requiring more effort. These new insights make a meaningful contribution to the dual model theory of rumination.
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来源期刊
Journal of Individual Differences
Journal of Individual Differences PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
25
期刊介绍: Researchers, teachers, and students interested in all areas of individual differences (e.g., gender, temperament, personality, intelligence) and their assessment in human and animal research will find the Journal of Individual Differences useful. The Journal of Individual Differences publishes manuscripts dealing with individual differences in behavior, emotion, cognition, and their developmental aspects. This includes human as well as animal research. The Journal of Individual Differences is conceptualized to bring together researchers working in different areas ranging from, for example, molecular genetics to theories of complex behavior.
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