康店和罗辛-胡赛布含铀白垩系岩石主要元素和痕量元素组成的比较

Chuanrong Nie , Lu Xiang , Zhengqi Xu , Chongxiao Dai
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摘要

罗辛-胡赛布地区因其白云母包裹的低品位、大储量铀矿床而闻名于世。中国康店地区的白云岩堤在矿点和矿物组合上与罗辛-胡赛布含铀白云岩相似,但罗辛-胡赛布和康店的白云岩是否具有一致的铀矿化过程仍有争议。对这两个地区白云岩的主要元素和微量元素数据进行比较,可能有助于更好地理解成矿机制,并为康店地区的勘探提供启示。尽管罗辛白云岩样本的A/CNK比值较低(∼1.0),但其Rb和P2O5含量之间的正相关是S型花岗岩的典型特征。Rössing-Husaib含铀白榴石一般富含K2O和Rb,并且具有较高的Rb/Sr和Rb/Ba比率。与此相反,康店白云岩堤的 K2O 和 Rb 含量较低,Rb/Sr 和 Rb/Ba 比率也较低,这表明来源于贫粘土。Rössing-Husaib和Kang-dian堤坝样本的铀含量与TiO2含量呈正相关,但与Rb/Sr比值没有相关性,这与分块结晶不一致。富铀原岩的低度局部熔融可能是白云岩中原生铀富集的原因。康店巖堤樣本的主要元素和痕量元素成分多變,可能反映了不同程度的壁岩同化和/或蝕變,進一步加強了鈾的富集。相对较低的 Th/U 比值(∼0.1)有利于铀矿石的最终结晶。康店和罗辛-胡赛布地区的含铀白榴石通常未发生变形,在造山运动后期沿区域性大断层和/或穹隆隆起。我们认为,基底岩石的减压和隆起促进了含铀熔体的生成,而区域性大断层为白云母岩浆从深部上升提供了通道。
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Comparison of the major- and trace-element compositions of the Kang-dian and Rössing-Husaib uraniferous leucocratic rocks

The Rössing-Husaib area is well-known for its low-grade and large-reserve U deposits hosted by leucogranites. The leucocratic dykes in the Kang-dian area of China resemble the Rössing-Husaib uraniferous leucogranites in occurrences and mineral assemblages, however, it remains disputable if the Rössing-Husaib and Kang-dian leucocratic rocks have consistent U-mineralizing processes. A comparison of the major and trace element data of the leucocratic rocks from both areas may help to better understand the ore-forming mechanisms and provide implications for exploration in the Kang-dian area. The positive correlation between Rb and P2O5 contents for the Rössing leucogranite samples is typical of S-type granitoids in spite of the low A/CNK ratios (∼1.0). The Rössing-Husaib uraniferous leucogranites are generally rich in K2O and Rb, and have high Rb/Sr and Rb/Ba ratios. In contrast, the Kang-dian leucocratic dykes have lower K2O and Rb contents, and lower Rb/Sr and Rb/Ba ratios, suggesting a clay-poor source. The U contents of the Rössing-Husaib and Kang-dian dyke samples are positively correlated with TiO2 contents, but show no correlation with Rb/Sr ratios, which is inconsistent with fractional crystallization. Low-degree partial melting of a U-rich protolith may account for primary U enrichment in the leucocratic rocks. The variable major- and trace-element compositions of the Kang-dian dyke samples may reflect wall-rock assimilation and/or alteration to varying degrees, which further enhanced U enrichment. Relatively low Th/U ratios (∼0.1) favored the final crystallization of uraninite. The uraniferous leucogranites in the Kang-dian and Rössing-Husaib areas are commonly undeformed and emplaced along regional large faults and/or domes at the late stage of orogeny. We propose that decompression and uplift of basement rocks facilitated the generation of uraniferous melts, and regional large faults provided a pathway for the ascent of leucocratic magma from depth.

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