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摘要

唯物主义者能否期待死后复活和未来世界的生命?迪恩-齐默尔曼(Dean Zimmerman)的 "坠落电梯模型"(Falling Elevator Model)是一个推测性的故事,描述了作为物质存在的人如何在死后复活的状态下生存。它假定人和其他普通物体是三维的存在物,在它们存在的每一个时刻都是完全存在的。我认为,无论是 "终结论"(endurantism),还是 "净化论"(purdurantism)(根据后者,人是四维的 "蠕虫",在其存在的每一时刻都有适当的时间部分),都没有为人的生存提供合理的解释。如果你想成为一名基督教唯物主义者,你就应该接受 "阶段论"(exdurantism),根据这种理论,人是瞬间的阶段,在这个世界或未来的任何世界都不会与他们的时间继任者完全相同。外在论为普通情况下的生存、非同寻常的现世裂变以及死后生存提供了合理的解释。
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Personal Persistence and Post-Mortem Survival
Can a materialist look for the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come? Dean Zimmerman’s Falling Elevator Model is a speculative account of how persons, understood as material beings, might survive in a post-mortem resurrected state—a just-so story. It assumes endurantism, the doctrine that persons and other ordinary objects are three-dimensional beings which are wholly present at every time they exist. I argue that neither endurantism, nor purdurantism, according to which persons are four-dimensional ‘worms’ who have proper temporal parts at every time that they exist, provides a plausible account of personal survival. If you want to be a Christian materialist you should embrace exdurantism, the ‘stage theory’, according which persons are instantaneous stages and are not identical to their temporal successors either in this world or in any world to come. Exdurantism provides a plausible account of survival in ordinary cases and extraordinary cases of this-worldly fission, and of post-mortem survival.
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