Geographical spatial expansion or contraction of agricultural areas as a consequence of influence and interaction of various factors in production and sales of agricultural products

The article examines the geographic spatial expansion or contraction of agricultural areas as a consequence of influence and interaction of various production factors. The dynamics of sown areas of agricultural crops provides a visual representation and quantitative measurement of the influence of location, natural-climatic, socio-economic, transport and logistics conditions and the quality of regulation and management on the result of agricultural activities. Economic prevails over technological rationality. “In economic reality, technical improvements are not necessarily implemented. The ideal technical picture, which does not take into account economic conditions, is modified and therefore in reality we often see poor cattle instead of exhibition samples, primitive hand work instead of perfect machines. Due to the adaptation of the economy to recognized conditions, and not simply due to lack of knowledge or inertia, the most technically advanced technologies are not introduced. Economic activity is to a certain extent determined by material necessity. The labor of management occupies a dominant position in relation to executive labor and to the services of the land. The one who “manages” the economy only fulfills what the consumer and demand prescribe to him” [1]. Using the example of the Volga economic region, a general trend of growth in the sown areas of agricultural crops on peasant farms and decrease in agricultural organizations and households is clearly visible. In the Astrakhan region and the Republic of Kalmykia, the sown areas in peasant enterprises exceeded their number in agricultural organizations by 3.6 and 1.8 times respectively, and in the Saratov region they were equal in size.