Design and Development of 2D Woven Auxetic Fabric and Composites Based on Wave Form Geometry

Auxetic materials differ from typical materials in that they expand in the transverse direction when stretched longitudinally, giving them special features. It is possible to weave auxetic fabrics using both auxetic and non-auxetic threads. This study exhibits the semi-empirical modeling of the auxetic woven fabric followed by computational modeling for the prediction of Poisson's ratio. Further, woven fabrics have been developed to test the geometry's potential for producing an auxetic fabric, which can be used for maternity and children's clothing, wound dressing, and protective clothing, providing better comfort and longevity of application. Poisson’s ratio of the developed auxetic samples is measured and compared with experimental results. The effect of thread density and float length on the auxeticity of the fabric based on waveform geometry is also investigated in this study. It was observed that the increase in thread density increases the auxeticity of the fabric, whereas the increase in float length decreases the auxeticity. Auxetic composites were successfully developed using silicon rubber gel as the matrix system.