Origami-Based Haptic Syringe for Local Anesthesia Simulator

Although medical simulators have benefited from the use of haptics and virtual reality (VR) for decades, the former has become the bottleneck in producing a low-cost, compact, and accurate training experience. This is particularly the case for the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) procedure in dentistry, which is one of the most difficult motor skills to acquire. As existing works are still oversimplified or overcomplicated for practical deployment, we introduce an origami-based haptic syringe interface for IANB local anesthesia training. By harnessing the versatile mechanical tunability of the Kresling origami pattern, our interface simulated the tactile experience of the plunger while injecting the anesthetic solution. We present the design, development, and characterization process, as well as a preliminary usability study. The force profile generated by the syringe interface is perceptually similar with that of the Carpule syringe. The usability study suggests that the haptic syringe significantly improves the IANB training simulation and its potential to be utilized in several other medical training/simulation applications.