高羊茅分蘖在亚热带环境中的夏季存活率:根系大小和深度的作用

IF 3.7 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI:10.1111/jac.12682
J. M. Jáuregui, D. F. Michelini, G. H. Sevilla, G. Berhongaray, G. D. Berone, J. Baudracco, P. Chilibroste, M. G. Agnusdei, F. A. Lattanzi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

牧草的持久性是决定畜牧生产系统经济和环境效益的关键因素。有人提出,有助于抵抗夏季水胁迫的大而深的根系是生长在亚热带气候或未来气候挑战情景下的多年生温带牧草物种无性系持久性的相关性状。在之前的一项研究中[Jauregui 等人,2017.高羊茅在亚热带环境中的持久性:分蘖存活率在夏季对开花控制和氮供应的响应。Grass and Forage Science 72, 454-466]的研究表明,以 "控制开花 "为目的的氮肥施用和放牧管理提高了高羊茅分蘖在乌拉圭(南纬 32°)严酷夏季的存活率。在此,我们评估了:(i) 春季分蘖存活率在多大程度上受根系大小的影响;(ii) 下一年秋季分蘖存活率对根系质量、深度和形态的影响。在两项田间试验中,氮肥施用和放牧管理显著提高了分蘖存活率(2011/12 年度和 2012/13 年度分别提高了 60% 和 80%),但这与春季根系大小或深度的相应影响无关(p > .10)。即使根系质量的处理内差异达到六倍,夏季分蘖存活率的处理内差异也几乎没有受到影响(<15%, p = .08)。反过来,夏季分蘖存活率的差异对第二年秋季根系特征的影响也很小。因此,我们发现,在亚热带湿润气候条件下,大而深的根系有助于高羊茅分蘖存活的假说几乎得不到支持。在这种气候条件下,除了植株可用持水量低于 30 毫米的土壤外,夏季缺水不会导致高羊茅分蘖严重死亡。
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Tall fescue tiller survival over summer in a subtropical environment: The role of the size and depth of root systems

Pasture persistence is a key determinant of the economic and environmental performance of pastoral animal production systems. Large and deep root systems that help resist summer water stress have been proposed as a relevant trait for vegetative persistence of perennial temperate forage species growing in subtropical climates or under future climatically challenging scenarios. In a previous study [Jauregui et al., 2017. Persistence of tall fescue in a subtropical environment: Tiller survival over summer in response to flowering control and nitrogen supply. Grass and Forage Science 72, 454–466] we have shown that nitrogen fertilization and grazing management aimed at ‘control flowering’ increased the survival of tall fescue tillers during harsh summers in Uruguay (lat. 32°S). Here we assessed: (i) to what extent tiller survival is mediated by root system size in spring and (ii) what consequences tiller survival entails for root mass, depth and morphology the following autumn. In two field experiments, significant increases in tiller survival in response to nitrogen fertilization and grazing management (+60% and +80% in 2011/12 and 2012/13, respectively) were not related to concomitant effects on the size or depth of the root system in spring (p > .10). Even when six-fold within-treatment variation in root mass was observed, within-treatment variation in summer tiller survival was little affected (<15%, p = .08). In turn, differences in tiller survival over summer affected little root system characteristics the following autumn. Therefore, we found scant support for the hypothesis that large and deep root systems contribute to survival of tall fescue tillers in this subtropical humid climate. Except for soils with less than 30 mm of plant available water holding capacity, summer water deficits did not induce severe tiller mortality in tall fescue in this climate.

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来源期刊
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
5.70%
发文量
54
审稿时长
7.8 months
期刊介绍: The effects of stress on crop production of agricultural cultivated plants will grow to paramount importance in the 21st century, and the Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science aims to assist in understanding these challenges. In this context, stress refers to extreme conditions under which crops and forages grow. The journal publishes original papers and reviews on the general and special science of abiotic plant stress. Specific topics include: drought, including water-use efficiency, such as salinity, alkaline and acidic stress, extreme temperatures since heat, cold and chilling stress limit the cultivation of crops, flooding and oxidative stress, and means of restricting them. Special attention is on research which have the topic of narrowing the yield gap. The Journal will give preference to field research and studies on plant stress highlighting these subsections. Particular regard is given to application-oriented basic research and applied research. The application of the scientific principles of agricultural crop experimentation is an essential prerequisite for the publication. Studies based on field experiments must show that they have been repeated (at least three times) on the same organism or have been conducted on several different varieties.
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