喀麦隆南部尼永复合体 Bidjouka 地区重矿物和溪流沉积物的特征:对金矿化的影响

Ndema Mbongué Jean-Lavenir , Christian Diomo Mukete , Djomo Michel Cedric , Peter Namange
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摘要

溪流沉积物地球化学在矿产勘探中有着广泛的应用。在这项研究中,我们利用溪流沉积物地球化学来破译金矿化的主要来源,确定重矿物精矿的矿物学特征,同时还能确定矿源、沉积环境、风化强度以及构造环境。为了研究河道中的重矿物,使用偏光显微镜对来自 Bidjouka 地区的 20 个块状材料进行了薄板评估。使用王水通过 ICP-MS 对粉末进行了进一步表征。结果表明,块状矿石中含有磁铁矿、锆石和金等矿物。主要地球化学基本金属显示,铁(5%)、钛(1.05%)和氧化铝(0.60%)的品位较低。在样品中发现了以下用于工业技术的金属微量元素。主要是锰和钍,含量分别低于百万分之 328 和 200,以及汞(550 ppb)。贵金属也存在于比尤卡沉积物的化学成分中。已发现的主要物质是金,品位在 2 克/吨以上,是采矿勘探的重要目标。此外,稀土元素的平均值介于 1256.6 和 3626.8 ppm 之间,分别为负和正的 Eu 和 Ce 异常,具有很强的推测性。金与硫化物矿物(Au-Bi)结合,表明沉积物在沉积过程中发生了硫化作用。因子 4(Co、Mn、Sc、Au、Bi)是指成矿因子,Co、Mn、Sc、Bi 是金的探路因子。沉积物沉积在潮湿、酸性和氧化条件下,沉积期间源岩的风化过程处于中等强度,沉积物富含斜长石。这些大陆沉积物具有石英质沉积成因,它们源于变质岩,沉积于活跃的大陆边缘。这项研究的结果可为比朱卡地区的金矿勘探和开采提供指导。
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Characterization of heavy minerals and stream sediment from Bidjouka area, Nyong Complex south Cameroon: implications for gold mineralization

The stream sediment geochemistry has a wide application in mineral exploration. In this study, we applied the stream sediment geochemistry to decipher the primary source of gold mineralization, determine the mineralogy of heavy mineral concentrate and also to ascertain the provenance, depositional environment, intensity of weathering as well as determine the tectonic setting. To investigate heavy mineral in stream channel, 20 placer materials from Bidjouka area were assessed by thin plate using polarized microscope. The powder was further characterized by ICP-MS using aqua regia. Results show that placers displayed minerals such as magnetite, zircon and gold. Majors geochemical base metal point out low grade of iron (< 5 wt.%), titanium (< 1.05 wt.%) and alumina (< 0.60 wt.%). The following metallic trace elements used for industrial technology are identified in the samples. It mainly concerns manganese and thorium with content less than 328 and 200 ppm respectively as well as mercury (< 550 ppb). Precious metals are also present in the chemical composition of Bidjouka sediments. The main substances identified is gold with the grade above 2 g/tone, which is an important target in mining exploration. Also the mean value of rare earth elements varying between 1256.6 and 3626.8 ppm are so speculative, with negative and positive Eu and Ce anomaly respectively. Gold is bound with sulfide mineral (Au-Bi), suggesting a sulfidation event during sediments deposition. Factor 4 (Co, Mn, Sc, Au, Bi) refers to the mineralization factor and Co, Mn, Sc, Bi serve as pathfinder of gold. Sediments were deposited under humid, oxic and oxidizing conditions; intermediate intensity of weathering processes of the source rocks had prevailed during deposition, and sediments were rich in plagioclase. These continental sediments have quartzose sedimentary provenance, they were originated from metamorphic sources and were deposited in an active continental margin. The results of this study serve as guide for gold exploration and exploitation in the Bidjouka area.

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