{"title":"土壤、肥料和植物密度:探索环境因素对谷物中稳定氮和碳同位素组成的影响","authors":"Mikael Larsson , Jakob Bergman , Pål Axel Olsson","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.105935","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stable isotope analysis (N and C) of fossil cereal grains is regularly explored as a means of obtaining insights to past crop growing conditions and agricultural practices. In this study, we assessed how several growth conditions can affect δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C values of modern cereal grain with the aim to help understand isotopic values from ancient cereal remains. We investigated the impact of fertilizer intensity, plant density, and soil type on cereal grain δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C values in a short-term field experiment using hulled and naked barley, bread wheat, emmer wheat, einkorn, spelt wheat, rye, and oat. We found the following key results: 1) while fertilizing had a significant effect on δ<sup>15</sup>N values in grain, the impact varied between species, and cereals grown in heavy clay had consistently higher δ<sup>15</sup>N values in grain compared to those grown in light sandy soil, and 2) the δ<sup>13</sup>C values were significantly different between cereal species, but the difference was very similar between the two experimental site-locations. These findings obtained from plants grown under known conditions contribute to better understand how natural conditions and anthropogenic activities effect crop isotopic data and is of relevance for isotopic research on archaeological crop remains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440324000013/pdfft?md5=220c5e432dfe07ab160a8893bd1099a8&pid=1-s2.0-S0305440324000013-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Soil, fertilizer and plant density: Exploring the influence of environmental factors to stable nitrogen and carbon isotope composition in cereal grain\",\"authors\":\"Mikael Larsson , Jakob Bergman , Pål Axel Olsson\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jas.2024.105935\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Stable isotope analysis (N and C) of fossil cereal grains is regularly explored as a means of obtaining insights to past crop growing conditions and agricultural practices. In this study, we assessed how several growth conditions can affect δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C values of modern cereal grain with the aim to help understand isotopic values from ancient cereal remains. We investigated the impact of fertilizer intensity, plant density, and soil type on cereal grain δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C values in a short-term field experiment using hulled and naked barley, bread wheat, emmer wheat, einkorn, spelt wheat, rye, and oat. We found the following key results: 1) while fertilizing had a significant effect on δ<sup>15</sup>N values in grain, the impact varied between species, and cereals grown in heavy clay had consistently higher δ<sup>15</sup>N values in grain compared to those grown in light sandy soil, and 2) the δ<sup>13</sup>C values were significantly different between cereal species, but the difference was very similar between the two experimental site-locations. These findings obtained from plants grown under known conditions contribute to better understand how natural conditions and anthropogenic activities effect crop isotopic data and is of relevance for isotopic research on archaeological crop remains.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50254,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Archaeological Science\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440324000013/pdfft?md5=220c5e432dfe07ab160a8893bd1099a8&pid=1-s2.0-S0305440324000013-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Archaeological Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440324000013\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ANTHROPOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Archaeological Science","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440324000013","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ANTHROPOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil, fertilizer and plant density: Exploring the influence of environmental factors to stable nitrogen and carbon isotope composition in cereal grain
Stable isotope analysis (N and C) of fossil cereal grains is regularly explored as a means of obtaining insights to past crop growing conditions and agricultural practices. In this study, we assessed how several growth conditions can affect δ15N and δ13C values of modern cereal grain with the aim to help understand isotopic values from ancient cereal remains. We investigated the impact of fertilizer intensity, plant density, and soil type on cereal grain δ15N and δ13C values in a short-term field experiment using hulled and naked barley, bread wheat, emmer wheat, einkorn, spelt wheat, rye, and oat. We found the following key results: 1) while fertilizing had a significant effect on δ15N values in grain, the impact varied between species, and cereals grown in heavy clay had consistently higher δ15N values in grain compared to those grown in light sandy soil, and 2) the δ13C values were significantly different between cereal species, but the difference was very similar between the two experimental site-locations. These findings obtained from plants grown under known conditions contribute to better understand how natural conditions and anthropogenic activities effect crop isotopic data and is of relevance for isotopic research on archaeological crop remains.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Archaeological Science is aimed at archaeologists and scientists with particular interests in advancing the development and application of scientific techniques and methodologies to all areas of archaeology. This established monthly journal publishes focus articles, original research papers and major review articles, of wide archaeological significance. The journal provides an international forum for archaeologists and scientists from widely different scientific backgrounds who share a common interest in developing and applying scientific methods to inform major debates through improving the quality and reliability of scientific information derived from archaeological research.