皮肤微生物组及其对皮肤科医生的意义。

IF 8.6 1区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY American Journal of Clinical Dermatology Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI:10.1007/s40257-023-00842-z
Cleo Whiting, Sara Abdel Azim, Adam Friedman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

皮肤是外界环境的物理和免疫屏障。皮肤的表面积很大,有多种微生物群落,包括细菌、病毒、真菌和螨虫。这些微生物及其遗传物质共同组成了皮肤微生物群。皮肤部位的生理和解剖特性创造了生物地理栖息地(干燥、潮湿和皮脂腺),不同的微生物群落栖息于此。虽然一般来说,这些栖息地的组成因人而异,但每个人的皮肤微生物群也有其独特的微生物特征。当微生物群的正常丰度、组成或位置发生变化时,就会出现菌群失调,最明显的是菌群多样性减少。某些皮肤病,包括特应性皮炎、红斑痤疮和银屑病,都与皮肤菌群失调,甚至肠道微生物群紊乱有关。研究表明,目前针对这些皮肤病的治疗方法可以改变/稳定皮肤微生物群,而且有新的研究详细说明了益生菌、益生菌和后益生菌对这些疾病的影响。虽然目前还没有临床指南,但临床研究支持使用外用益生菌、益生菌后和口服益生菌治疗各种皮肤病的安全性和可能的益处。在制定此类指南之前,建议利用精心设计的临床研究来指导临床实践。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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The Skin Microbiome and its Significance for Dermatologists

The skin is a physical and immunological barrier to the external environment. Its large surface area is colonized by diverse communities of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and Demodex species mites. These microorganisms and their genetic material together create the skin microbiome. Physiologic and anatomic properties of skin sites create biogeographical habitats (dry, moist, and sebaceous) where distinct microbiota communities reside. Although, in general, the composition of these habitats is maintained from person to person, the skin microbiome of an individual also has unique microbial features. Dysbiosis occurs when the normal abundance, composition, or location of the microbiota is changed, most notably there is a decrease in flora diversity. Certain skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis, rosacea, and psoriasis are associated with cutaneous dysbiosis, and even disruption of the gut microbiota. Studies have shown that current treatments for these dermatologic conditions can alter/stabilize the skin microbiome, and there is emerging research detailing the impact of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics on these conditions. Although clinical guidelines do not currently exist, clinical studies support the safety and possible benefits of using topical prebiotics and postbiotics and oral probiotics for a variety of skin conditions. Until such guidelines exist, utilizing carefully designed clinical studies to inform clinical practice is recommended.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
15.20
自引率
2.70%
发文量
84
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Clinical Dermatology is dedicated to evidence-based therapy and effective patient management in dermatology. It publishes critical review articles and clinically focused original research covering comprehensive aspects of dermatological conditions. The journal enhances visibility and educational value through features like Key Points summaries, plain language summaries, and various digital elements, ensuring accessibility and depth for a diverse readership.
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