Talib Banser, Z. Abduljaleel, Kamal H Y Alzabeedi, Adil A. Alzahrani, Asim Khogeer, Fadel Qabbani, Ahmed T. Almutairi, Sami Melebari, N. Shahzad
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To diagnose and investigate potential genetic variations in COVID-19, we engaged RT-PCR. Our study primarily focused on detecting mutations in the RdRp, N, and E genes in Saudi patients with SARS-CoV-2, as well as individuals from various national residing in Saudi Arabia. This molecular technique provided valuable insights into the virus’s genetic makeup during infection and recovery. In our analysis of 671 positive COVID-19 cases, diverse gene involvement patterns were observed. Specifically, 55.91% had mutations in all three genes (RdRp, N, and E), 62.33% in both N and E genes, and 67.16% in RdRp and N genes. Additionally, 30.75% exhibited mutations exclusively in the RdRp gene, and 51.58% had mutations in the N gene. The N gene, in particular, showed high sensitivity as a marker for identifying active viral circulation. Regarding the temporal dynamics of the disease, the median duration between a positive and a subsequent negative COVID-19 RT-PCR test result was approximately 33.86 days for 44% of cases, 14.31 days for 30%, and 22.67 days for 4%. The insights from this study hold significant implications for managing COVID-19 patients during the ongoing pandemic. The N gene shows promise as a marker for detecting active viral circulation, potentially improving patient care and containment strategies. Establishing a defined positive threshold for diagnostic methods and correlating it with a low risk of infection remains a challenge. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
COVID-19 大流行给全球公共卫生带来了持续挑战,因此有必要继续开展研究和监测工作。在本研究中,我们全面分析了对沙特阿拉伯 1200 名患者进行的 1000 多次 COVID-19 RT-PCR 检测。我们的主要目标是调查沙特 SARS-CoV-2 患者在不同感染和恢复阶段的特定基因 RdRp、N 和 E 的突变情况。我们还将分析范围扩大到居住在沙特阿拉伯的不同国籍的患者,主要目的是将这些基因作为 COVID-19 存在和发展的标志物进行评估。为了诊断和调查 COVID-19 的潜在基因变异,我们采用了 RT-PCR 技术。我们的研究主要集中在检测沙特 SARS-CoV-2 患者以及居住在沙特阿拉伯的不同民族的个体中 RdRp、N 和 E 基因的突变。这种分子技术为了解病毒在感染和恢复期间的基因构成提供了宝贵的信息。在我们对 671 例 COVID-19 阳性病例的分析中,观察到了不同的基因参与模式。具体来说,55.91%的病例所有三个基因(RdRp、N 和 E)都发生了突变,62.33%的病例 N 和 E 基因都发生了突变,67.16%的病例 RdRp 和 N 基因都发生了突变。此外,30.75%的人只表现出 RdRp 基因突变,51.58%的人 N 基因突变。特别是 N 基因,作为识别活跃病毒循环的标志物显示出较高的灵敏度。关于疾病的时间动态,COVID-19 RT-PCR 检测结果从阳性到阴性的中位时间分别为:44% 的病例约为 33.86 天,30% 的病例约为 14.31 天,4% 的病例约为 22.67 天。这项研究的启示对于在大流行期间管理 COVID-19 患者具有重要意义。N 基因有望成为检测活跃病毒循环的标志物,从而改善患者护理和遏制策略。为诊断方法确定一个明确的阳性阈值并将其与低感染风险联系起来仍然是一项挑战。要解决这些复杂的问题并加深我们对 COVID-19 流行病学和诊断学的了解,还需要进一步的研究。
Genetic Analysis and Epidemiological Impact of SARS-CoV-2: A Multinational Study of 1000 Samples Using RT-PCR
The ongoing global public health challenge posed by the COVID-19 pandemic necessitates continuous research and surveillance efforts. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed over 1000 COVID-19 RT-PCR tests conducted on a cohort of 1200 patients in Saudi Arabia. Our primary goal was to investigate mutations in specific genes RdRp, N, and E different infection and recovery stages in Saudi patients with SARS-CoV-2. We also extended our analysis to include patients of various nationalities residing in Saudi Arabia, with the overarching objective of assessing these genes as markers for COVID-19 presence and progression. To diagnose and investigate potential genetic variations in COVID-19, we engaged RT-PCR. Our study primarily focused on detecting mutations in the RdRp, N, and E genes in Saudi patients with SARS-CoV-2, as well as individuals from various national residing in Saudi Arabia. This molecular technique provided valuable insights into the virus’s genetic makeup during infection and recovery. In our analysis of 671 positive COVID-19 cases, diverse gene involvement patterns were observed. Specifically, 55.91% had mutations in all three genes (RdRp, N, and E), 62.33% in both N and E genes, and 67.16% in RdRp and N genes. Additionally, 30.75% exhibited mutations exclusively in the RdRp gene, and 51.58% had mutations in the N gene. The N gene, in particular, showed high sensitivity as a marker for identifying active viral circulation. Regarding the temporal dynamics of the disease, the median duration between a positive and a subsequent negative COVID-19 RT-PCR test result was approximately 33.86 days for 44% of cases, 14.31 days for 30%, and 22.67 days for 4%. The insights from this study hold significant implications for managing COVID-19 patients during the ongoing pandemic. The N gene shows promise as a marker for detecting active viral circulation, potentially improving patient care and containment strategies. Establishing a defined positive threshold for diagnostic methods and correlating it with a low risk of infection remains a challenge. Further research is needed to address these complexities and enhance our understanding of COVID-19 epidemiology and diagnostics.