A flexible energy management for distributed energy supplied smart home in microgrid connection with grid-connection/islanding mode functionality

In this study, a flexible control approach is presented for smart home with DES system in microgrid connection. The smart home with DES has operation capability under GC-Mode and I-Mode functions with the proposed control algorithm. The control algorithm is also developed in terms of international standards IEEE 929 and IEC 61727 for grid connection requirements. Additionally, a PLL-less control algorithm is embedded in the proposed control algorithm for the active/reactive power management and the grid synchronization. Thus, slow dynamic response and calculation burden issues in controller is avoided and the power flow capability of the grid-connected DES in smart home is enhanced. Furthermore, the coordinate transformation is fulfilled for the power flow control in the control loop via the generation of cosine and sinus functions. Besides, the mathematical formulations of the proposed control algorithm are presented in detail. To show the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm, a smart home with a photovoltaic DES model is designed and constructed in a simulation environment. The proposed control method is tested under various operation cases such as dynamic environmental conditions, GC-Mode/I-Mode, reactive power support and voltage variations. The proposed method shows efficient performance under applications of the different operation situations. Moreover, the international requirements are satisfied for GC-Mode and I-Mode transitions.