治疗拒绝如厕的尿布褪色方案:四个案例研究

IF 2.9 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Cognitive and Behavioral Practice Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI:10.1016/j.cbpra.2023.12.009
Jillian E. Austin, Andrea M. Begotka
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引用次数: 0

摘要

儿童便秘和排便疼痛很常见,影响 68% 至 86% 的儿童。90% 以上的儿童会忍住不大便,有些儿童只能用尿布排便。行为疗法对治疗便秘很有效,但对治疗逃避如厕的研究却很少。本研究调查了一种新型方案,用于消除如厕恐惧儿童的尿布。研究人员指导儿童在卫生间排便,并逐渐靠近马桶,直到他们最终带着尿布坐在马桶上。然后根据需要,在尿布的底部剪开越来越宽的口子,使粪便能够排入马桶,从而褪去尿布。四名儿童(三名男孩,平均 5.22 岁)使用尿布褪色方案成功完成了如厕训练,平均疗程为 9.75 次。事实证明,通过远程医疗提供治疗是有效的。尿布褪色方案有效而灵活地帮助了四名有便意和如厕回避症状的儿童进行如厕训练。未来的工作应该研究护理人员是否可以在没有持续支持的情况下使用该方案,或者仅在咨询的基础上使用该方案,以减轻医护人员的负担,避免长时间等待。
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A Diaper Fading Protocol to Treat Toilet Refusal: Four Case Studies

Childhood constipation and painful defecation is common, affecting 68% to 86% of children. Over 90% withhold stool, some only defecating in a diaper. Behavioral therapy is effective for encopresis, but there is minimal research on treating toilet avoidance. This study investigates a novel protocol to eliminate diapers in children with toilet avoidance.

A diaper fading protocol was used with four children with toilet avoidance. Children were instructed to defecate in the bathroom, moving progressively closer to the toilet until they eventually sat on the toilet with the diaper. As needed, diapers were then faded by cutting increasingly wider slits in the base of the diaper so that stool could pass into the toilet. The cut widened until the diaper was eliminated entirely.

Four children (three boys, average 5.22 years old) successfully completed toilet training using the diaper fading protocol in an average of 9.75 sessions. Delivery of treatment via telehealth was shown to be effective. The diaper fading protocol effectively and flexibly assisted toilet training in four children with stool withholding and toileting avoidance. Future work should investigate whether caregivers can utilize the protocol without ongoing support, or on a consultation basis only, to reduce the burden on health care workers with long waitlists.

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来源期刊
Cognitive and Behavioral Practice
Cognitive and Behavioral Practice PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.40%
发文量
118
审稿时长
84 days
期刊介绍: Cognitive and Behavioral Practice is a quarterly international journal that serves an enduring resource for empirically informed methods of clinical practice. Its mission is to bridge the gap between published research and the actual clinical practice of cognitive behavior therapy. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice publishes clinically rich accounts of innovative assessment and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that are clearly grounded in empirical research. A focus on application and implementation of procedures is maintained.
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