The nature and origin of immunosuppressive disorders

This publication reflects modern ideas about the main aspects of etiology, pathogenesis and the latest achievements of clinical practice in the field of the most common primary and secondary immunodeficiency. The features of laboratory diagnostics of congenital immunodeficiency, risk factors and early clinical guidelines that allow the patient to suspect an immunosuppressive state are considered. Special attention is paid to the problem of secondary immunodeficiency, their prevalence and polyetiology. When covering immunopathogenesis, infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), attention is paid to the multimorbidity of clinical manifestations of HIV-associated immunosuppression and concomitant diseases, the importance of timely administration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its role in the development of immune reconstitution syndrome (IRS). The criteria for the diagnosis of SVI based on their own experience and the opinion of foreign colleagues, the tactics of patient management are presented in detail.