Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) 幼虫将分泌保护蜡置于日常消耗和生长之上。

IF 1.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Neotropical Entomology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-08 DOI:10.1007/s13744-024-01134-9
André O Silva-Junior, Wendel J Teles-Pontes
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在全代谢昆虫中,未成熟期或幼虫期的特点是食物消耗量大。从中获得的营养用于维持新陈代谢、生长、化蛹和变态。然而,当资源匮乏时,缺乏资源会影响生长速度,影响成虫的变态和形成。增加能量消耗是否会产生与幼虫期限制食物摄入类似的结果?我们假设,去除瓢虫 Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant, 1850 幼虫的蜡质层会导致能量消耗增加,从而影响幼虫的生长和成虫的大小。我们比较了蜡层完整的幼虫和蜡层不断脱落的幼虫的发育时间、摄食率和成虫大小。我们发现,蜡层的产生是连续的。与脱蜡幼虫不同,C. montrouzieri 的幼虫在脱蜡导致能量消耗的情况下延长了发育时间。无蜡幼虫消耗的蚧壳虫总数高于有蜡幼虫;但无蜡幼虫的日消耗量低于有蜡幼虫。此外,与蜡层完整的幼虫相比,无蜡幼虫的成虫体型较小。这表明,与蜡层分泌有关的成本是影响幼虫生长的关键因素。去除蜡层并不能通过增加幼虫摄食量或延长发育时间来补偿。
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Larvae of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Prioritize Secretion of Protective Wax Over Daily Consumption and Growth.

In holometabolous insects, the immature or larval stage is characterized by a high rate of food consumption. The nutrients obtained from which are directed towards the maintenance of metabolism, growth, pupation, and metamorphosis. However, when resources are scarce, the lack thereof can affect the growth rate and compromise the metamorphosis and formation of adults. Do increased energy expenditures yield outcomes similar to those resulting from restricted food intake during the larval stage? We hypothesized that removing the wax layer from the larvae of the ladybird Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant, 1850 would result in increased energy expenditure, which can compromise both larval growth and adult size. We compared the development time, feeding rate, and adult size of larvae with an intact wax layer, and those with constantly removed wax layers. We found that the production of the wax layer was continuous. Unlike the waxed larvae, the larvae of C. montrouzieri extended their development time in response to energy depletion through wax removal. The total number of mealybugs consumed by waxless larvae was higher than the total number consumed by waxed larvae; however, the daily consumption of waxless larvae was lower than that of waxed larvae. Furthermore, the adults of waxless larvae were smaller than those whose larvae had intact wax layers. This suggests that the cost associated with wax layer secretion is a pivotal factor in larval growth. Removing this layer does not get compensated by increased larval feeding or extended development time.

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来源期刊
Neotropical Entomology
Neotropical Entomology 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
5.60%
发文量
69
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Neotropical Entomology is a bimonthly journal, edited by the Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil (Entomological Society of Brazil) that publishes original articles produced by Brazilian and international experts in several subspecialties of entomology. These include bionomics, systematics, morphology, physiology, behavior, ecology, biological control, crop protection and acarology.
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