健康老龄化和轻度认知障碍患者思维游离状态的前因。

IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-08 DOI:10.1037/neu0000941
Andrew J Aschenbrenner, Matthew S Welhaf, Jason J Hassenstab, Joshua J Jackson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的思绪游离是指注意力内向的时期,占我们清醒时思想的 30% 或更多。频繁的思维游离可能会影响正在进行的任务。我们的目的是确定思维游离率在健康老龄化和轻度认知障碍中是否会发生变化,以及思维游离的差异如何导致注意力和工作记忆的差异:我们对健康的年轻成年人(66 人)、健康的老年人(51 人)和认知障碍成年人(38 人)进行了一项标准行为任务--持续注意力反应测试,以测量他们的思维游离情况。此外,还进行了频率较低的N-back测试,以衡量工作记忆能力:一般来说,相对于健康的老年人,在3周的测试中,年轻成年人和认知障碍成年人的思维游离程度较高,但不同思维游离状态的具体模式各不相同。多种思维徘徊状态也能预测工作记忆的表现;然而,根据模型比较,反应时间变异性往往是最好的预测因素。每种状态还与不同的性格因素(包括情绪和 "宜人性")有适度的关联:结论:在健康老龄化和认知障碍的过程中,思维游移的模式会发生变化,并且与多种倾向性因素的个体差异以及工作记忆的表现有关。这些结果表明,在建立健康和病理衰老的认知变化模型时,应测量和考虑不同的思维游离状态。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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Antecedents of mind wandering states in healthy aging and mild cognitive impairment.

Objective: Mind wandering refers to periods of internally directed attention and comprises up to 30% or more of our waking thoughts. Frequent mind wandering can be detrimental to ongoing task performance. We aim to determine whether rates of mind wandering change in healthy aging and mild cognitive impairment and how differences in mind wandering contribute to differences in attention and working memory.

Method: We administered a standard behavioral task, the Sustained Attention to Response Test, to measure mind wandering in healthy younger adults (N = 66), healthy older adults (N = 51), and adults with cognitive impairment (N = 38), that was completed daily for 3 weeks. The N-back test was also administered at a reduced frequency as a measure of working memory performance.

Results: Generally speaking, averaged across 3 weeks of testing, relative to healthy older adults, mind wandering was higher in younger adults and in cognitive impairment, although the specific patterns varied across mind wandering states. Multiple states of mind wandering also predicted working memory performance; however, reaction time variability tended to be the best predictor based on model comparisons. Each state was also modestly associated with different dispositional factors including mood and Agreeableness.

Conclusions: Patterns of mind wandering change across healthy aging and cognitive impairment and are related to individual differences in multiple dispositional factors and also working memory performance. These results suggest that different states of mind wandering should be measured and accounted for when modeling cognitive change in healthy and pathological aging. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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来源期刊
Neuropsychology
Neuropsychology 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
4.20%
发文量
132
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Neuropsychology publishes original, empirical research; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; and theoretical articles on the relation between brain and human cognitive, emotional, and behavioral function.
期刊最新文献
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