Tao Wang , Yanling Wang , Jinjing Zhang , Yushi Yao
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Role of trained innate immunity against mucosal cancer
Mucosal tissues are frequent targets of both primary and metastatic cancers. This has highlighted the significance of both innate and adaptive anti-cancer immunity at mucosal sites. Trained innate immunity (TII) is an emerging concept defined as enhanced reactivity of innate leukocytes long after a previous stimulation that induces prolonged epigenetic, transcriptional, and metabolic changes. Trained innate leukocytes can respond to heterologous targets due to their lacking of antigen-specificity in most cases. Emerging experimental and clinical data suggest that certain microbes or their products induce TII in mucosal-associated innate leukocytes which endows heterologous anti-tumor innate immunity, in both prophylactic and therapeutic scenarios. In this mini-review, we summarize updated findings on the significance of TII in mucosal cancers. We also attempt to raise a few key questions critical to our further understanding on the roles of TII in mucosal cancers, and to the potential application of TII as anti-cancer strategy.
期刊介绍:
Current Opinion in Virology (COVIRO) is a systematic review journal that aims to provide specialists with a unique and educational platform to keep up to date with the expanding volume of information published in the field of virology. It publishes 6 issues per year covering the following 11 sections, each of which is reviewed once a year: Emerging viruses: interspecies transmission; Viral immunology; Viral pathogenesis; Preventive and therapeutic vaccines; Antiviral strategies; Virus structure and expression; Animal models for viral diseases; Engineering for viral resistance; Viruses and cancer; Virus vector interactions. There is also a section that changes every year to reflect hot topics in the field.