Flow turbulence presented by different vegetation spacing sizes within a submerged vegetation patch

This study presents results from a vegetation-induced flow experimental study which investigates 3-D turbulence structure profiles, including Reynolds stress, turbulence intensity and bursting analysis of open channel flow. Different vegetation densities have been built between the adjacent vegetations, and the flow measurements are taken using acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) at the locations within and downstream of the vegetation panel. Three different tests are conducted, where the first test has compact vegetations, while the second and the third tests have open spaces created by one and two empty vegetation slots within the vegetated field. Observation reveals that over 10% of eddies size is generated within the vegetated zone of compact vegetations as compared with the fewer vegetations. Significant turbulence structures variation is also observed at the points in the non-vegetated row. The findings from burst-cycle analysis show that the sweep and outward interaction events are dominant, where they further increase away from the bed. The effect of vegetation on the turbulent burst cycle is mostly obvious up to approximately two-third of vegetation height where this phenomenon is also observed for most other turbulent structure.