监测水下石器时代遗址的侵蚀及其对水下文化遗产管理的影响。丹麦 Tybrind Vig 案例研究

IF 0.4 4区 文学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY ACTA ARCHAEOLOGICA Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI:10.1163/16000390-09401046
Sigurd Arve Baslund Bohr, Otto Uldum, David Gregory
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摘要

丹麦已知的水下石器时代遗址保存完好,但在大多数情况下,这些遗址不断受到侵蚀的威胁。本文介绍的结果是在 Tybrind Vig 通过全站仪测量,在距离海岸 5 米的地方测量了一条 165 米长的横断面。作为补充,还使用回声测深仪/声纳装置对周围区域进行了勘测,并在地理信息系统中对三维坐标进行了后处理,以调查海床体积随时间的变化情况。根据丹麦海岸管理局收集的数据对海平面变化进行校正后,横断面数据被用于校准回声测深仪的海拔数据。已确定发生了沉积物迁移(包括侵蚀和堆积),但从所使用的方法来看,无法确定 Tybrind Vig 富含考古价值的石膏层被侵蚀了多少。
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Monitoring Erosion of a Submerged Stone Age Site and Its Implications for Managing Underwater Cultural Heritage. A Case Study at Tybrind Vig, Denmark
Known locations with submerged and well-preserved Stone Age sites in Denmark are, in most cases, under constant threat of erosion. The results presented here have been gathered at Tybrind Vig by surveying a 165 m-long transect at 5-metre intervals from the shore, by measurements taken with a total station. To supplement this, the surrounding area was surveyed with an echo sounder/sonar unit that yielded 3D coordinates post-processed in GIS to investigate volumetric changes in the seabed over time. The transect data was used to calibrate the elevation data from the echo sounder, following the correction of sea level change with data gathered from the Danish Coastal Authority. It was established that sediment transport – both erosion and accumulation – has occurred, but from the methods used, it cannot be determined how much of the archaeologically rich gyttja layers have been eroded at Tybrind Vig.
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ACTA ARCHAEOLOGICA
ACTA ARCHAEOLOGICA ARCHAEOLOGY-
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期刊介绍: Acta Archaeologica, founded in 1930, is the leading scientific international archaeological periodical in Scandinavia. Acta Archaeologica is published annually and contains 200 to 250 large pages, beautifully illustrated. The papers are in English, German, French, or Italian, well-edited, and of lasting value. Acta Archaeologica covers the archaeology of Scandinavia, including the North Atlantic, until about 1500 AD. At the same time, Acta Archaeologica is underscoring the position of Northern Europe in its wider continental context. Mediterranean (and Near Eastern) archaeology plays a particular role. Contributions from arctic, maritime and other branches of archaeology, as well as from other continents, are included.
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