Investigating the Bioactive Potential of Persicaria hydropiper: GC-MS Profiling and In vivo Exploration of Antinociceptive and Antidiarrheal Effects

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the impact of methanol-derived leaf extracts from the Persicaria hydropiper plant on the GCMS analysis and in-vivo antinociceptive and antidiarrheal activities. Study Design: The GCMS analysis was used to analyze the phytochemicals of the methanolic extract of Persicaria hydropiper (MEPH). The research aimed to investigate the possible in-vivo activities, including the antinociceptive and antidiarrheal activity, of the plant's chemical ingredient, which is of pharmaceutical significance. Whether the changes seen in experimental animals have statistical significance. Methodology: Potential antinociceptive and antidiarrheal properties of MEPH were studied after phytochemicals were found by GCMS analysis of the plant.  Swiss albino mice assessed antidiarrheal activity using the castor oil-induced method and antinociceptive activities at various dosages using the hotplate and glutamate-induced nociception methods, respectively. Results: The MEPH GCMS analysis revealed that 65 phytochemicals were found which have greater pharmacological activities.  In contrast, MEPH inhibited peripheral nociception in the glutamate-induced paw licking nociceptive paradigm with percent inhibitions of 86.53 and 93.59, respectively. In addition, the hot plate test revealed a significant antinociceptive effect. Where the castor oil-induced antidiarrheal method showed 80.16 and 87% of inhibition of diarrhea compared to the standard loperamide's value of 84.19%. Each pharmacological model was experimented using the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg.Conclusion: Several pathological conditions, including dysentery, Persistent diarrhea, arthritis and other pain, inflammation related diseases, may benefit in the future from the use of plant-derived pharmacological agents due to their antinociceptive and antidiarrheal activities.