长期使用的机油对铜基齿轮材料摩擦学行为的影响

Samiul Kaiser, Asif Ahmed, Raisa Sharmila, Mohammad Salim Kaiser
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摘要

在长期使用的机油滑动环境下,对铜基合金青铜和α-黄铜进行了磨损测试。采用针盘磨损测试方法,法向压力为 0.255 至 2.55 兆帕,恒定滑动速度为 0.641 米/秒。为了进行评估,还进行了干燥和新鲜机油的滑动环境试验。实验结果表明,在干滑动条件下,两者直接接触的磨损率和摩擦系数要大得多,但在机油条件下,由于机油在接触面之间形成了一层薄薄的润滑膜,其密封效果降低了粗糙度,因此磨损率和摩擦系数要小得多。废油中含有大量有害的化学物质,因此磨损率和摩擦系数在一定程度上较高。在所有环境下,铝青铜的磨损性能都较好,磨损率和摩擦系数都较低,因为它通过不同的金属间形成达到了较高的强度。而α-黄铜对磨损特性的影响很小。通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜分析,磨损表面显示,在干燥的滑动条件下,α-青铜通过充满氧化物的温和而光滑的磨沟提高了耐磨性。在油滑动环境下,由于油膜对表面之间直接接触的阻力,形成了光滑的表面。在使用油的滑动条件下,由于存在破坏性化合物,铜和铜基合金的表面光滑度降低。
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Effect of Long Used Machine Oil on the Tribological Behaviour of Cu-Based Gear Materials
A wear test was performed under the long-used machine oil sliding environment on Cu-based alloys Al-bronze and α-brass. A pin-on-disc wear testing method was applied where normal pressure of 0.255 to 2.55 MPa and a constant sliding speed of 0.641 m/s were considered. For the assessment dry and fresh machine oil sliding environments were also conducted. The results from the experiment demonstrated that the wear rate and friction coefficient in dry sliding condition were much greater for their direct contact but lower under machine oil due to the reduced roughness by the sealing effect as oil forms a thin lubricating film between the contact surfaces. Used oil displayed some degree of higher wear rate along with friction coefficient due to heavy and harmful chemical compounds in it. Al-bronze performed the better wear properties with lower wear rate and coefficient of friction for all the environments as it achieved the strength through different intermetallic formations. In case of α-brass, it had little effect on wear characteristics. Examined by optical microscopy and SEM analysis, worn surfaces showed that Al-bronze improved wear resistance through mild and smooth abrasive grooves filled with oxides in dry sliding conditions. In case of oil sliding environment, smooth surfaces were created by the resistance of the oil film to the direct contact between the surfaces. Used oil sliding conditions reduced the surface smoothness of the Cu and Cu-based alloys for the presence of damaging chemical compounds.
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