HRM systems and knowledge transfer in alliance projects: Exploring social identity dynamics

Building upon the HR architecture model, we propose a framework that explains how – within an alliance project between two firms – HRM systems (composed of various HRM practices) shape inter-organizational knowledge transfer. Such projects may involve intergroup bias, i.e., employees may particularly favor and value members of their own firm, which may impede inter-organizational knowledge transfer. Given the intergroup dynamics, we argue that social identity is a key mediator underlying the relationship between HRM systems and knowledge transfer. We discuss how each firm's HRM system(s) independently and jointly affect employees' social identity, stressing the importance of an HRM fit within and between both companies. Finally, we propose a factor – shared other identities – that may moderate the HRM systems and social identity relationship and also shape social identity directly. Our model provides a nuanced view of how HRM systems can facilitate knowledge transfer by shaping employees' social identities in alliance projects.