冲绳的海洋污染:概述和处理概念

S. Hughey, Joshua A. Kotler, Yuriko Ozaki, Yuki Itani, Fumitoshi Fukuzawa, Tatsuma Yanagimoto, Ko Takamatsu, Shu Koito, Hiroki Suzuki, Yoshimasa Nishihira, Anna C. Hughey, Takashi Nagata
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摘要

冲绳县因其海滩和珊瑚礁而成为热门旅游目的地。珊瑚礁中栖息着种类繁多的动物,其中包括许多有毒物种。由于珊瑚礁和海洋活动很受欢迎,人们经常与危险的有毒物种密切接触,因此有可能被毒死。冲绳常见的有毒动物包括无脊椎动物锥螺、海胆、棘冠海星、蓝环章鱼、箱水母和火珊瑚。脊椎动物包括石鱼、狮子鱼、海蛇和海鳗。海洋毒液中毒的治疗方法包括急救、热水浸泡、抗蛇毒血清、支持性护理、区域麻醉和药物治疗。县内的院前护理人员和执业医师应充分了解有关有毒动物、其毒素和治疗的信息。
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Marine Envenomation in Okinawa: Overview and Treatment Concept
Okinawa prefecture is a popular tourist destination due to its beaches and reefs. The reefs host a large variety of animals, including a number of venomous species. Because of the popularity of the reefs and marine activities, people are frequently in close contact with dangerous venomous species and, thus, are exposed to potential envenomation. Commonly encountered venomous animals throughout Okinawa include the invertebrate cone snail, sea urchin, crown-of-thorns starfish, blue-ringed octopus, box jellyfish, and fire coral. The vertebrates include the stonefish, lionfish, sea snake, and moray eel. Treatment for marine envenomation can involve first aid, hot water immersion, antivenom, supportive care, regional anesthesia, and pharmaceutical administration. Information on venomous animals, their toxins, and treatment should be well understood by prehospital care providers and physicians practicing in the prefecture.
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