新能源汽车与中国生态文明的政治地缘生态学

Pablo I Ampuero-Ruiz
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摘要

生态文明是中国制定环境可持续发展战略的政策理念。虽然这一概念缺乏明确的定义,但其多种实践表明,中国依赖于开发和实施可降低污染水平和美化国家的技术。其中一项技术就是新能源汽车(NEV),它是中国城市电动交通转型的核心。通过反思这一政策理念与新能源汽车产业之间的关键节点,我参与了有关中国生态文明和电动交通转型的日益激烈的讨论。我认为,中国生态文明对新能源的要求依赖于在国内和跨国范围内增强国家能力的权力关系。从这个意义上说,追求新能源以建设中国生态文明依赖于道德和主权形式的权力。在中国与北大西洋国家关系日益紧张的背景下,我的论文表明,这些权力形式通过其经济基础设施增强了中国的国家能力,重新产生了旧的依赖和不平等。
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New energy vehicles and the political geoecology of China’s Ecological Civilisation
Ecological Civilisation has been China’s policy concept to frame its environmental sustainability strategy. While it lacks a clear definition, its multiple practices show a reliance on the development and implementation of technologies that reduce pollution levels and beautify the country. One of those technologies are New Energy Vehicles (NEV), which stand at the centre of an e-mobility transition across urban China. I engage with the growing debate on China’s Ecological Civilisation and e-mobility transition by reflecting on the critical junctions between this policy concept and the NEV industry. I suggest that the New Energy requirements of China’s Ecological Civilisation rely on power relations that enhance state capacity domestically and transnationally. In this sense, the pursuit of New Energy to build China’s Ecological Civilisation relies on moral and sovereign forms of power. In a context of increasing tensions between China and countries in the North Atlantic, my contribution shows that these forms of power enhance China’s state capacity through its economic infrastructure, re-producing old dependencies and inequalities.
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