补充维生素 E 或植物提取物作为抗氧化剂,以改善在中温或热应激条件下饲养的生长猪的生长性能和健康状况。

IF 6.3 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI:10.1186/s40104-023-00981-7
Ysenia V Silva-Guillen, Consuelo Arellano, Jeffrey Wiegert, R Dean Boyd, Gabriela E Martínez, Eric van Heugten
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:热应激会对猪的生长性能和健康产生严重的负面影响,导致重大经济损失。本研究的目的是调查在饲料或饮用水中补充维生素 E 和植物提取物对热应激条件下饲养的生长猪的生长性能、肠道健康、氧化和免疫状态的影响:进行了两次实验,每次使用 64 头杂交猪,初始体重分别为 50.7 ± 3.8 千克和 43.9 ± 3.6 千克,日龄分别为 13 周和 12 周。猪(n = 128)被单独饲养,并按体重组和性别分配到 2 × 4 的因子排列中,其中包括 2 种环境(中温(21.2 °C)或热应激(30.9 °C))和 4 种补充剂处理(对照组日粮;对照组 + 100 IU/L 的 D-α-tocopherol 水;对照组 + 200 IU/kg 的 DL-α-tocopheryl-acetate 饲料;或对照组 + 400 mg/kg 的植物提取物饲料):28天的热应激降低了最终体重、平均日增重和平均日采食量(分别为-7.4千克、-26.7%和-25.4%)(P≤0.001),但未发现补充剂的影响(P>0.05)。血清维生素 E 增加(P在饲料或饮用水中添加抗氧化剂并不能减轻热应激对生长猪采食量和生长速度的负面影响。
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Supplementation of vitamin E or a botanical extract as antioxidants to improve growth performance and health of growing pigs housed under thermoneutral or heat-stressed conditions.

Background: Heat stress has severe negative consequences on performance and health of pigs, leading to significant economic losses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplemental vitamin E and a botanical extract in feed or drinking water on growth performance, intestinal health, and oxidative and immune status in growing pigs housed under heat stress conditions.

Methods: Duplicate experiments were conducted, each using 64 crossbred pigs with an initial body weight of 50.7 ± 3.8 and 43.9 ± 3.6 kg and age of 13-week and 12-week, respectively. Pigs (n = 128) were housed individually and assigned within weight blocks and sex to a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement consisting of 2 environments (thermo-neutral (21.2 °C) or heat-stressed (30.9 °C)) and 4 supplementation treatments (control diet; control + 100 IU/L of D-α-tocopherol in water; control + 200 IU/kg of DL-α-tocopheryl-acetate in feed; or control + 400 mg/kg of a botanical extract in feed).

Results: Heat stress for 28 d reduced (P ≤ 0.001) final body weight, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake (-7.4 kg, -26.7%, and -25.4%, respectively) but no effects of supplementation were detected (P > 0.05). Serum vitamin E increased (P < 0.001) with vitamin E supplementation in water and in feed (1.64 vs. 3.59 and 1.64 vs. 3.24), but not for the botanical extract (1.64 vs. 1.67 mg/kg) and was greater when supplemented in water vs. feed (P = 0.002). Liver vitamin E increased (P < 0.001) with vitamin E supplementations in water (3.9 vs. 31.8) and feed (3.9 vs. 18.0), but not with the botanical extract (3.9 vs. 4.9 mg/kg). Serum malondialdehyde was reduced with heat stress on d 2, but increased on d 28 (interaction, P < 0.001), and was greater (P < 0.05) for antioxidant supplementation compared to control. Cellular proliferation was reduced (P = 0.037) in the jejunum under heat stress, but increased in the ileum when vitamin E was supplemented in feed and water under heat stress (interaction, P = 0.04). Tumor necrosis factor-α in jejunum and ileum mucosa decreased by heat stress (P < 0.05) and was reduced by vitamin E supplementations under heat stress (interaction, P < 0.001).

Conclusions: The addition of the antioxidants in feed or in drinking water did not alleviate the negative impact of heat stress on feed intake and growth rate of growing pigs.

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