从认知代理到认知系统:从认知代理到认知系统:van Gelder(1998 年)"动态假说 "的理论、方法和实证发展。

IF 2.9 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Topics in Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI:10.1111/tops.12725
Tri D Nguyen, Corey M Magaldino, Jayci T Landfair, Polemnia G Amazeen, Eric L Amazeen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自 van Gelder(1998 年)发表 "动态假说 "以来,二十多年过去了。在那篇论文中,范盖尔德提出,认知代理不是数字计算机--按照表征计算方法,而是动态系统。动态假说的演变是由三个领域的并行进展推动的。从理论上讲,对遗传学、生物学、神经科学和认知科学的深入理解,激发了关于各领域内的系统如何在时空尺度上动态互动并扩展其影响的问题。在方法论上,研究人员可以利用更先进的通用工具发现、模拟和量化多个尺度的系统动态、结构和模式,从而对行为产生更全面的系统级理解。从经验上讲,我们可以在分析系统行为的同时保留其自然动态,从而揭示出还原论方法会导致对各组成部分和整个系统认识不全面的证据。传统上,研究人员将复杂系统还原为其组成过程,并假定这些部分可以重新组合来解释整体。这三个进展从根本上改变了我们对 "认知代理 "的理解:它们的行为是如何被多个过程的长程协调所驱动的,相互作用的变量的相互依存和嵌套结构是如何产生大于各部分之和的行为的,以及环境约束是如何形成适应性而又稳定的行为模式的。
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From Cognitive Agents to Cognitive Systems: Theoretical, Methodological, and Empirical Developments of van Gelder's (1998) "Dynamical Hypothesis".

Over two decades have passed since the publication of van Gelder's (1998) "dynamical hypothesis." In that paper, van Gelder proposed that cognitive agents were not digital computers-per the representational computational approach-but dynamical systems. The evolution of the dynamical hypothesis was driven by parallel advances in three areas. Theoretically, a deeper understanding of genetics, biology, neuroscience, and cognitive science inspired questions about how systems within each domain dynamically interact and extend their effects across spatiotemporal scales. Methodologically, more sophisticated and domain-general tools allowed researchers to discover, model, and quantify system dynamics, structure, and patterns across multiple scales to generate a more comprehensive system-level understanding of behaviors. Empirically, we can analyze a system's behavior while preserving its natural dynamics, revealing evidence that the reductionist approach leads to an incomplete understanding of the components and the overall system. Researchers have traditionally reduced a complex system into its component processes and assumed that the parts can be recombined to explain the whole. These three advances fundamentally altered our understanding of a "cognitive agent:" How their behaviors are driven by long-range coordination across multiple processes, how the interdependent and nested structure of interacting variables produces behaviors that are greater than the sum of its parts, and how environmental constraints shape adaptive yet stable behavioral patterns.

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来源期刊
Topics in Cognitive Science
Topics in Cognitive Science PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
10.00%
发文量
52
期刊介绍: Topics in Cognitive Science (topiCS) is an innovative new journal that covers all areas of cognitive science including cognitive modeling, cognitive neuroscience, cognitive anthropology, and cognitive science and philosophy. topiCS aims to provide a forum for: -New communities of researchers- New controversies in established areas- Debates and commentaries- Reflections and integration The publication features multiple scholarly papers dedicated to a single topic. Some of these topics will appear together in one issue, but others may appear across several issues or develop into a regular feature. Controversies or debates started in one issue may be followed up by commentaries in a later issue, etc. However, the format and origin of the topics will vary greatly.
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