按分娩方式分列的胎儿水肿婴儿预测因素

Dr. Poli Philippe Amubuomombe, Kosgei Wycliffe, K. T. Philip, M. M. Richard, Sarah K. Esendi, Ngeleche Ruth, Nyongesa Paul, Irene Koech, Jignesh K Jesanii, Esther Wanjama, Rajshree K Hirani, Emily Chesire, Audrey K. Chepkemboi, Deborah V. Makasi, Vahista J. Shroff, Bett C.Kipchumba, Pallavi Mishra, Philip Kirwa, Wilson K. Aruasa, Ann Mwangi, Elkannah O. Orang'o
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:胎儿水肿是一种与围产期和新生儿死亡率及发病率较高相关的胎儿疾病。尽管有先进的宫内和新生儿护理方法,但目前估计确诊后的总存活率仅为 27%。导致围产期和新生儿不良预后的因素已被确认,但对按分娩方式划分的围产期预后的现有具体预测工具却知之甚少。 目的:该研究旨在确定剖宫产是否能改善胎儿水肿婴儿的围产期结局。研究设计:这是一项回顾性队列研究,检索了 102 份胎儿水肿并发症孕妇的医疗记录。所有这些孕妇在怀孕期间都进行了经腹超声检查,这是宫内胎儿水肿的标准诊断方法之一。对所有孕妇及其新生儿的病历进行了检索和审查,以收集与分娩方式(剖宫产或阴道分娩)相关的结果信息。根据产科超声波检查结果显示的胎儿疾病严重程度,孕妇被分为四组:轻度、中度、中重度和重度胎儿水肿。所得数据的显著性为双尾 P<0.05。采用卡方检验对各组间的结果进行分类比较。当超过 20% 的细胞预期计数小于 5 时,采用费雪精确检验或蒙特卡罗校正进行卡方分析。采用逻辑回归法计算围产期不良结局的几率和 95% 的置信区间。结果:在这项队列研究中,胎儿水肿的发生率估计为 1.1%。非免疫性胎儿水肿是常见类型,占所有病例的 75.6%。围产期死亡率为 55.9%,7 天存活率估计为 44.1%。 非免疫性胎儿水肿的死亡率为 66.1%。分娩方式与总存活率之间有统计学意义(PV-0.04)。不过,I 级和 II 级的存活率更高(55.0%),而 III 级和 IV 级的存活率相同(22.5%)。分级与存活率之间存在统计学意义上的显著关联(pv <.001)。出生体重≥3000 克与围产期不良结局降低 0.3% 相关(pv-0.02,95% CI=0.14-0.85)。同样,入住新生儿病房与死亡率降低 2.5% 有关(pv-0.04,95% CI=1.0 - 6.4)。结论:剖宫产并不能改善胎儿水肿新生儿的围产期结局,只有在产妇担心的情况下才考虑剖宫产。 根据分娩方式预测胎儿水肿婴儿围产儿结局的工具是一个有用的工具,可协助决策并根据分娩方式预测胎儿水肿的围产儿结局。
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Predictors of Hydrops Fetalis Infants by Mode of Delivery
BACKGROUND: Hydrops fetalis is a fetal condition associated with higher perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. The overall survival rate from the diagnosis is today estimated to be 27% despite advanced intrauterine and neonatal care. Factors that contribute to poor perinatal and neonatal outcomes have been identified; however, little is known about the existing specific predictor tool of perinatal outcome by mode of delivery.  OBJECTIVE: the study aimed to determine whether cesarean section does improve the perinatal outcomes of hydrops fetalis infants. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study that retrieved 102 medical records of pregnancies complicated by hydrops fetalis. For all those women, the transabdominal ultrasound was performed during pregnancy as part of the standard diagnostic modality of intrauterine hydrops fetalis. All pregnant women’s and their newborn’s medical records were retrieved and reviewed to collect information related to the outcomes as per the mode of delivery either by cesarean section or vaginal delivery. Based on the severity of fetal disease as described by obstetric ultrasound findings, pregnant women were divided into 4 groups: mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe hydrops fetalis. The significance of the obtained data was set at two-tailed p<0.05. The chi-squared test was used to compare categorical between groups based on outcomes. Fisher’s exact test or Monte Carlo correction was used for chi-squared analysis when more than 20% of the cells had an expected count <5. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for perinatal adverse outcomes were calculated using logistic regression. RESULTS: The incidence of hydrops fetalis was estimated to be 1.1% in this cohort study. The non-immune hydrops fetalis was the common type, accounting for 75.6% of all cases. Perinatal mortality occurred in 55.9% and the 7-day survival was estimated at 44.1%.   The mortality rate was 66.1% in non-immune hydrops fetalis. There was a statistically significant association between the mode of delivery and the overall survival (pv-0.04). However, survival was increased in class I and class II (55.0%), while survival was equally observed in classes III and IV (22.5%). There was a statistically significant association between the class and survival (pv <.001). Birth weight of ≥3000 grams was associated with reduced poor perinatal outcomes at 0.3% (pv-0.02, 95% CI=0.14 -0.85). Similarly, admission to the newborn unit was associated with reduced mortality by 2.5% (pv-0.04, 95% CI=1.0 - 6.4). CONCLUSION: Cesarean section delivery does not improve the perinatal outcomes of hydrops fetalis newborns and it should be considered only for maternal concerns.  The predictor tool of perinatal outcomes of hydrops fetalis infant per mode of delivery is a useful tool to assist in decision-making and predict the perinatal outcome of hydrops fetalis per mode of delivery.    
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