Comparative analysis of cytotoxicity effects of two denture hard lining materials on human gingival fibroblasts: an in vitro study

Background

The objective of this study was to compare the cytotoxicity of TDV and Rebase II denture hard liners on human gingival fibroblasts, aiming to address issues associated with incomplete polymerization and free monomers that affect material properties.

Methods

Seventy-two specimens (24 each of TDV, Rebase II, and controls) were prepared under aseptic conditions according to factory instructions. Cytotoxicity was determined using the MTT test with methyl tetrazolium salt added to the cell culture medium. A two-way ANOVA and a post-hoc Tukey test was used to evaluate the results of incubation before mitochondrial activity was measured using Multiscan spectrophotometry (570 nm).

Results

There were significant differences in cell viability between the groups after 24 hours (P < 0.001), with TDV having higher viability than Rebase II. The difference between Rebase II and TDV, however, was not significant at 48 and 96 hours (P > 0.131). At 24 hours, Rebase II exhibited significantly lower viability than TDV liner, with a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.001).

Conclusion

Due to the maximum monomer release in the early hours of incubation, the amount of cytotoxicity decreased with increasing incubation time.