Evaluation and integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems in Albanian energy landscape

As a country situated in a region with abundant solar resources, Albania has enormous potential for using solar energy through photovoltaic (PV) systems. With the energy crisis repeating itself over the years, now more than ever is the moment to assess and fully use this opportunity. This paper studies the current state of PV usage in Albania's energy sector and the opportunities and challenges coming together with this technology. Economic, social, and environmental benefits are discussed, as well as existing policies for renewable energy. It evaluates PV technology's role in the country's sustainable energy transition and analyzes various integration models like net-metering and feed-in tariffs. Successful projects and case studies are highlighted, while challenges such as regulatory complexities and public awareness are discussed. The study also assesses large-scale PV feasibility and emphasizes the need for integrated energy planning. This research aims to offer relevant information to Albanian policymakers, energy stakeholders, and investors to support the effective implementation of PV systems for a cleaner, more sustainable energy future. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies about renewables in Albania's reality. Enhancing the country's energy sustainability and reducing greenhouse gas emissions is important.