Combined cystourethroplasty and urethral sphincter occluder placement for treatment of urinary incontinence in a cat with genitourinary dysplasia

A 10-month-old female neutered domestic shorthair cat presented with a history of urinary incontinence and recurrent bacterial cystitis since 2 months of age. Physical examination was unremarkable other than vulval hypoplasia. Genitourinary dysplasia was diagnosed following a physical examination, CT imaging and retrograde positive contrast urethrocystography. Attempted medical management of the urinary incontinence was unsuccessful. Surgical treatment consisted of cystourethroplasty combined with artificial urethral sphincter placement, resulting in marked improvement of urinary continence. Following multiple adjustments of the artificial urethral sphincter near-total continence was achieved, which was maintained at 10 months post-surgery.