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Hyperfibrinolysis in a dog with strongyloidiasis. 一只患有强直性脊髓炎的狗体内纤维蛋白溶解度过高。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13803
C E Mace, E N Barker

A female entire dog with a history of travel from Eastern Europe, coprophagia, and absent prophylactic treatment against parasites, developed excessive haemorrhage during elective ovariohysterectomy, resulting in abandonment of the procedure. Physical examination and abdominal ultrasound were unremarkable. Routine blood analysis was unremarkable and there was no support for angiostrongylosis or the presence of common travel-associated infectious agents. Viscoelastic testing demonstrated hyperfibrinolysis and Baermann's faecal analysis documented Strongyloides stercoralis infection. They were treated with ivermectin, with a resolution of hyperfibrinolysis. This is the first description of transient hyperfibrinolysis associated with strongyloidiasis in the dog, although hyperfibrinolysis has been described in association with other helminth infections in the dog and in other host species. Strongyloidiasis should be considered as an uncommon cause of acquired clinical hyperfibrinolysis, particularly in dogs where common differentials have been excluded.

一只来自东欧的雌性全犬,曾有过旅行史,有共食癖,没有接受过预防寄生虫的治疗,在进行选择性卵巢切除术时出现大出血,导致放弃手术。体格检查和腹部超声波检查均无异常。血液常规分析结果也无异常,不支持血管软骨病或存在常见的旅行相关感染病原体。粘弹性测试显示纤维蛋白溶解度过高,Baermann粪便分析显示感染了Strongyloides stercoralis。他们接受了伊维菌素治疗后,高纤维蛋白溶解症得到缓解。这是首次描述狗患强直性丝虫病时出现的一过性高纤维蛋白溶解症,尽管在狗和其他宿主物种中也曾出现过与其他蠕虫感染相关的高纤维蛋白溶解症。强直性脊索蚴病应被视为引起获得性临床纤维蛋白溶解亢进的不常见原因,尤其是在排除了常见鉴别因素的情况下。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of uropathogens in dogs and cats with signs of urinary tract infection. 有尿路感染症状的狗和猫体内尿路病原体的流行率和抗菌药敏感性概况。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13800
J López-Córdova, P Machuca, T Araya-Contreras, C Briceño-Montero, S Pérez-Tobar, P Faúndez Comte, M Castillo-Ruiz, M Bittner

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of uropathogens in dogs and cats with signs of urinary tract infection and to characterise their antimicrobial susceptibility.

Materials and methods: Urine samples from canine and feline patients with clinical signs of urinary tract infection were collected between September 2015 and December 2019 in Santiago, Chile. Bacterial identification and bacterial susceptibility profile was performed through biochemical and antimicrobial susceptibility tests.

Results: Four hundred sixty-six samples from dogs (37.7%) and 152 from cats (26.1%) showed bacterial growth. Positive samples were mainly from females (dogs: 52.8%; cats: 48.0%), with the highest infection rates in senior dogs (57.7%) and adult cats (45.4%). A single organism caused the infection in 78.2% of the cases, whereas the remaining 21.8% corresponded to a mixed infection. The most prevalent isolated pathogen in dogs and cats was Escherichia coli (42.6% and 49.7%, respectively). Staphylococcus spp. (15.6% and 14.6%), Enterococcus spp. (8.6% and 15.2%) and Proteus spp. (9.7% and 6.4%) were also commonly isolated. A total of 52.4% of Escherichia coli isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, 44.3% to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 40.0% to cephradine and 25.3% to ciprofloxacin. Regarding the other three uropathogens commonly isolated in this study, all of them showed a percentage of resistance to the antimicrobials analysed. In addition, 24.6% of multidrug resistance was detected in the E. coli isolates. Penicillin, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones showed the lowest susceptibility levels.

Clinical significance: The observed high rates of resistance to commonly prescribed antimicrobials raise concerns for public health.

目的确定有尿路感染症状的犬猫体内尿路病原体的流行率,并确定其抗菌药敏感性的特征:2015年9月至2019年12月期间,在智利圣地亚哥收集了有尿路感染临床症状的犬科和猫科患者的尿液样本。通过生化和抗菌药药敏试验进行细菌鉴定和细菌药敏谱分析:有 466 份狗(37.7%)和 152 份猫(26.1%)样本出现细菌生长。阳性样本主要来自雌性动物(狗:52.8%;猫:48.0%),老年狗(57.7%)和成年猫(45.4%)的感染率最高。78.2%的病例由单一病原体引起,其余21.8%为混合感染。狗和猫最常见的分离病原体是大肠杆菌(分别占 42.6% 和 49.7%)。葡萄球菌属(15.6% 和 14.6%)、肠球菌属(8.6% 和 15.2%)和变形杆菌属(9.7% 和 6.4%)也是常见的分离病原体。在分离出的大肠埃希菌中,52.4%对阿莫西林有抗药性,44.3%对阿莫西林/克拉维酸有抗药性,40.0%对头孢拉定有抗药性,25.3%对环丙沙星有抗药性。至于本研究中常见的其他三种尿路病原体,它们都对所分析的抗菌药物产生了一定比例的耐药性。此外,在大肠杆菌分离株中检测到 24.6%的多重耐药性。青霉素、头孢菌素和氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性水平最低:临床意义:所观察到的对常用处方抗菌药的高耐药率引起了公共卫生的关注。
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引用次数: 0
Fungal dysbiosis following antibacterial monotherapy in canine otitis externa. 犬外耳道炎单药抗菌治疗后真菌菌群失调。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13801
J Juhola, E Brennan, E A Ferguson, A Loeffler, A Hendricks, S M Frosini, Y M Chang, R Bond

Objectives: To evaluate evidence of Malassezia overgrowth following successful topical antibacterial monotherapy of refractory canine bacterial otitis using semi-quantitative cultures.

Materials and methods: Twenty-nine dogs with bacterial otitis were treated topically with either fluoro-quinolone [0.5% enrofloxacin (18 dogs, 19 treatment events, 25 ears) or 0.1% marbofloxacin (1 ear), with 0.1% dexamethasone] ("FQ") SID, or 143 mg/mL piperacillin/18 mg/mL tazobactam ("PT") BID (11 dogs, 14 treatment events, 19 ears) for 8 to 36 days (mean 20 days). At visits 1 (V1) and 2 (V2), ear swab tips were washed in PBS + Triton X-100 and serial dilutions spread-plated onto blood, MacConkey (37°C, 48 hours) and modified Dixon's agar (32°C, 14 days) to generate semiquantitative counts. Microbes were identified by phenotype and MALDI-TOF.

Results: Prior to treatment, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated alone or in combination with other bacteria in 14 FQ-treated ears and 18 PT-treated ears; the next most frequent bacteria were Streptococcus canis (8 FQ, 2 PT) and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (8 FQ, 1 PT). The proportions of dogs' ears (excluding cross-over treatments and contra-lateral affected ears) from which bacteria were isolated were significantly reduced by treatment with both FQ (V1, 13/15; V2, 5/15) and PT (V1, 14/14; V2, 2/14). The proportions of dogs' ears from which yeasts (Malassezia pachydermatis, Candida spp.) were isolated were significantly increased by treatment in dogs treated with PT (V1, 1/14; V2, 14/14) but not FQ (V1, 3/15; V2, 6/15).

Clinical significance: Otitis cases that receive potent antibacterial monotherapy must be monitored for yeast overgrowth.

摘要使用半定量培养法评估犬细菌性中耳炎局部抗菌单药治疗成功后马拉色菌过度生长的证据:29 只患有细菌性中耳炎的狗接受了氟喹诺酮[0.5% 恩诺沙星(18 只狗,19 次治疗,25 耳)或 0.1% 马勃沙星(1 耳),加 0.1% 地塞米松]("FQ")SID 或 143 毫克/毫升哌拉西林/18 毫克/毫升他唑巴坦("PT")BID(11 只狗,14 次治疗,19 耳)局部治疗,疗程为 8 到 36 天(平均 20 天)。在第 1 次(V1)和第 2 次(V2)检查时,用 PBS + Triton X-100 冲洗耳拭子头,并将连续稀释液涂布在血液、麦康凯琼脂(37°C,48 小时)和改良狄克逊琼脂(32°C,14 天)上,以生成半定量计数。微生物通过表型和 MALDI-TOF 进行鉴定:治疗前,在 14 只经 FQ 处理的耳朵和 18 只经 PT 处理的耳朵中单独或与其他细菌混合分离出铜绿假单胞菌;其次最常见的细菌是犬链球菌(8 只经 FQ 处理,2 只经 PT 处理)和假中间葡萄球菌(8 只经 FQ 处理,1 只经 PT 处理)。使用 FQ(V1,13/15;V2,5/15)和 PT(V1,14/14;V2,2/14)治疗后,狗耳(不包括交叉治疗和对侧患耳)中分离出细菌的比例显著降低。在使用 PT(V1,1/14;V2,14/14)而非 FQ(V1,3/15;V2,6/15)治疗的狗耳中,分离出酵母菌(马拉色菌、念珠菌属)的比例明显增加:临床意义:接受强效抗菌单药治疗的耳炎病例必须监测酵母菌的过度生长。
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引用次数: 0
Spinal shock in a dog with steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis extending to the brainstem. 一只患有类固醇反应性脑膜炎-动脉炎并延伸至脑干的狗出现脊髓休克。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13806
T Liatis, Chardas, D Cavalli-Sforza, A Skarbek, F Llabres-Diaz, S De Decker
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of hemodynamic parameters and caudal vena cava-to-aorta ratio pre- and post-pericardiocentesis in dogs with cardiac tamponade. 评估心脏填塞犬心包穿刺前后的血液动力学参数和尾静脉与主动脉的比率。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13796
Y Moumadah, J Combet-Curt, C Pouzot-Nevoret, A Barthelemy, M Cambournac

Objectives: To evaluate haemodynamic parameters and ultrasonographic measurements of the caudal vena-cava-to-aorta ratio at the splenorenal view in canine cardiac tamponade before and 30 minutes after pericardiocentesis.

Materials and methods: Dogs presenting with cardiac tamponade at two veterinary hospitals were included. Triage examination, noninvasive systolic arterial blood pressure, shock index, venous lactatemia and POCUS results were recorded at admission and 30 minutes after pericardiocentesis.

Results: This prospective observational study included 22 dogs, and all had an increased caudal vena-cava-to-aorta ratio. After pericardiocentesis, there were significant changes in vital signs, including a decrease in the median heart rate by 42.1%, a decrease in the median respiratory rate by 40.1%, and an increase in the median rectal temperature from 37.8°C (range: 35.6 to 39.2) to 38.1°C ( 36.1 to 38.7). In regards of hemodynamic parameters, the median systolic arterial pressure increased significantly by 23.2%, the shock index decreased significantly by 52.8%, the median lactate level decreased significantly from 6.1 mmol/L (1.4 to 14.7) to 3.6 mmol/L (1.1 to 13.6), and the median caudal vena-cava-to-aorta ratio decreased significantly by 37.5%, from 1.76 (1.35 to 2.13) to 1.12 (0.91 to 1.51).

Clinical significance: This study demonstrated an increased caudal vena-cava-to-aorta ratio in dogs with cardiac tamponade and a rapid haemodynamic improvement in dogs with cardiac tamponade within 30 minutes  of the pericardiocentesis, resulting in excellent short-term prognosis.

目的评估犬心脏填塞在心包穿刺术前和穿刺术后 30 分钟内的血流动力学参数以及脾脏视角下尾腔静脉与主动脉比率的超声测量结果:纳入在两家兽医院就诊的心脏填塞的犬只。记录入院时和心包穿刺术后 30 分钟的分诊检查、无创收缩期动脉血压、休克指数、静脉乳酸血症和 POCUS 结果:这项前瞻性观察研究共纳入了 22 只犬,所有犬的尾静脉-腔-主动脉比值都有所增加。心包穿刺术后,生命体征发生了显著变化,包括心率中位数下降了42.1%,呼吸频率中位数下降了40.1%,直肠温度中位数从37.8°C(范围:35.6-39.2)升至38.1°C(36.1-38.7)。在血液动力学参数方面,中位收缩动脉压显著上升了 23.2%,休克指数显著下降了 52.8%,中位乳酸水平从 6.1毫摩尔/升(1.4至14.7)显著降至3.6毫摩尔/升(1.1至13.6),尾静脉-腔-主动脉比值中位数从1.76(1.35至2.13)显著降至1.12(0.91至1.51),下降了37.5%:这项研究表明,心脏填塞犬的尾静脉-腔-主动脉比值增加,心脏填塞犬的血流动力学在心包穿刺后30分钟内迅速改善,因此短期预后良好。
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引用次数: 0
Multiple central nervous system neoplasms and an unrelated thyroid follicular carcinoma in a dog. 一只狗患多种中枢神经系统肿瘤和一种无关的甲状腺滤泡癌。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13799
J Zilli, A Rupp, A Civello, E Ives
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引用次数: 0
Myofascial pain syndrome in small animal practice. 小动物实践中的肌筋膜疼痛综合征。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13795
M C Petty, B P Monteiro, S A Robertson, A R Ajadi, C Mosley, J C Murrell, N Nadkarni

This capsule review is a discussion of myofascial pain syndrome in small animals. The history of myofascial pain syndrome is discussed as well as facts and theories behind the aetiology and treatment of this syndrome. Diagnostic techniques are both discussed and illustrated. Accepted treatments including dry needling, photobiomodulation, manual therapy and thermal therapy are outlined.

这篇胶囊综述讨论了小动物的肌筋膜疼痛综合征。文章讨论了肌筋膜疼痛综合征的历史,以及该综合征的病因和治疗方法背后的事实和理论。对诊断技术进行了讨论和说明。概述了公认的治疗方法,包括干针疗法、光生物调节疗法、徒手疗法和热疗法。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, histopathological features, treatment options and outcome of spinal ependymoma in dogs: 8 cases (2011-2022). 犬脊髓上皮瘤的临床、磁共振成像、组织病理学特征、治疗方案和疗效:8 例病例(2011-2022 年)。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13792
N Della Camera, C Cantile, C Falzone

Objectives: This study aims to report on the clinical magnetic resonance imaging, histological features, treatment options and outcomes of spinal ependymomas in dogs.

Materials and methods: Retrospective evaluation of medical records from dogs histologically confirmed spinal ependymomas with clinical presentations, magnetic resonance imaging findings, histological aspects, treatment options and outcomes.

Results: Eight dogs presented with acute to subacute onset of para- or tetraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging findings included intramedullary oval-shaped space-occupying lesions that appeared hyperintense on T2-weighted images isointense on T1-weighted images and exhibited marked homogeneous or ring contrast enhancement. A peculiar feature, previously described only in human ependymomas, was observed in three patients - a T2-weighted hypointense rim, termed hemosiderin cap sign. Haematomyelia with necrotic foci was observed in one dog. Surgery, when performed, enabling a definitive intra-vitam diagnosis. Histological examination revealed that rosettes and pseudo-rosettes as disposition of neoplastic cells were the most common features reported. Furthermore, cerebrospinal fluid metastases were identified in one case.

Clinical significance: Clinical and histopathological findings in our case series were consistent with those previously reported in the literature. Magnetic resonance imaging features were fairly typical and highly suggestive of spinal ependymomas. The hemosiderin cap sign may aid in the presumptive intra-vitam diagnosis of these rare spinal tumours. Additionally, we described cerebrospinal fluid spread of neoplastic cells and subsequent multifocal or metastasis presentations. Surgery offered a dual benefit by facilitating intra-vitam diagnosis and, in some cases, extending survival time.

研究目的本研究旨在报告犬脊柱上皮瘤的临床磁共振成像、组织学特征、治疗方案和结果:回顾性评估经组织学证实为脊柱外胚瘤犬只的病历,包括临床表现、磁共振成像结果、组织学方面、治疗方案和结果:八只狗出现急性或亚急性副瘫痪或四肢瘫痪。磁共振成像结果显示,髓内椭圆形占位性病变在T2加权图像上呈高密度,在T1加权图像上呈等密度,并表现出明显的均质或环状对比度增强。在三名患者身上还观察到一个以前仅在人类脑外胚瘤中描述过的特殊特征--T2 加权低密度边缘,即血色素帽征。在一只狗身上观察到了带有坏死灶的血肌瘤。在进行手术时,可以明确病灶内的诊断。组织学检查显示,报告的最常见特征是瘤细胞呈莲座状和假性莲座状分布。此外,在一个病例中还发现了脑脊液转移:临床意义:我们的病例系列中的临床和组织病理学结果与之前文献报道的一致。磁共振成像特征相当典型,高度提示脊髓上皮瘤。血色素帽征可帮助推测这些罕见脊柱肿瘤的椎管内诊断。此外,我们还描述了肿瘤细胞的脑脊液扩散以及随后的多灶或转移表现。手术具有双重益处,不仅有助于病灶内诊断,在某些情况下还能延长生存时间。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of outcomes in dogs undergoing hiatal hernia repair with and without use of a gastropexy: 41 cases (2012-2022). 接受食管裂孔疝修补术的狗使用和不使用胃镜的疗效比较:41 例病例(2012-2022 年)。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13797
M Watkins, C Shales, G Thomas, M Rossanese, T Sparks, R White

Objectives: To determine the difference in complication rate, gastrointestinal grade and requirement for ongoing medical and/or surgical management following hiatal hernia repair in dogs with and without gastropexy.

Materials and methods: Clinical records were reviewed retrospectively for dogs that had undergone surgical hiatal hernia repair at two veterinary referral centres between April 2012 and March 2022. Pre-operative grading of gastrointestinal signs and brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome was performed. All dogs had an oesophagopexy and phrenoplasty. Referring primary veterinary practices and clients were contacted to obtain follow-up information. Fisher's exact tests and Mann Whitney tests were used to assess pre- and intra-operative similarities between groups. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to determine the changes in gastrointestinal grade at short- (<6 months) and long-term (>6 months) follow-up.

Results: Forty-one dogs which underwent oesophagopexy and phrenoplasty were included. Fifteen dogs had no gastropexy performed and 26 dogs had left-sided gastropexy performed. Dogs that underwent gastropexy (n=8, 29%, 95% CI: 13 to 51%) were significantly more likely to require further surgery related to the initial surgery or persistence of gastrointestinal signs compared to dogs that had no gastropexy (n=0, 0%, 95% CI: 0 to 18%) . This difference was not significant when dogs which had further surgery to address brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome were excluded. Gastrointestinal grade significantly improved for both groups at both short- and long-term follow-up. There was no significant difference in overall complication rate, gastrointestinal grade or requirement for further medical treatment between groups.

Clinical significance: A left-sided gastropexy is not required for successful surgical repair of hiatal hernia in dogs provided oesophagopexy and phrenoplasty are performed.

目的:确定犬食管裂孔疝修补术后并发症发生率、胃肠道等级以及持续药物和/或手术治疗的要求:确定有胃镜和没有胃镜的犬食道裂孔疝修补术后并发症发生率、胃肠道等级和持续药物和/或手术治疗要求的差异:回顾性审查了 2012 年 4 月至 2022 年 3 月期间在两家兽医转诊中心接受食管裂孔疝修补手术的犬只的临床记录。术前对胃肠道体征和手足阻塞性气道综合征进行了分级。所有犬只都进行了食道和膈成形术。我们联系了转诊的初级兽医诊所和客户,以获得后续信息。费雪精确检验和曼-惠特尼检验用于评估各组之间术前和术中的相似性。Wilcoxon 符号秩检验用于确定短期(6 个月)随访时胃肠道等级的变化:结果:纳入了 41 只接受食道和膈肌成形术的狗。其中 15 只狗没有进行胃镜手术,26 只狗进行了左侧胃镜手术。与没有进行胃切除术的狗(n=0,0%,95% CI:0 至 18%)相比,进行了胃切除术的狗(n=8,29%,95% CI:13 至 51%)更有可能因初次手术或胃肠道症状持续存在而需要进一步手术。如果不包括为治疗肱鼻阻塞性气道综合征而接受进一步手术的犬只,这一差异并不显著。在短期和长期随访中,两组犬的胃肠道等级均有明显改善。两组之间在总并发症发生率、胃肠道等级或进一步治疗要求方面没有明显差异:临床意义:如果进行了食道成形术和膈成形术,狗的食道裂孔疝手术修复不需要进行左侧胃切除术。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of left atrial function using tissue motion annular displacement in healthy dogs. 利用组织运动环位移评估健康狗的左心房功能。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13794
A P Sarraff, V B C Silva, M Wolf, G L R Tuleski, L V Queiroz, M R de Farias, M G Sousa

Objectives: Recently, tissue motion annular displacement by speckle tracking has been shown to be a reliable method for evaluating deformation of the left atrium in healthy dogs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether tissue motion annular displacement is a feasible alternative method for studying left atrial function.

Materials and methods: One hundred healthy dogs were included. Left atrial function was assessed by tissue motion annular displacement, which was correlated to the left atrial strain and biplane area-length method-derived volumes. Left atrial reservoir function was evaluated by left atrial global tissue motion annular displacement, global left atrial strain and left atrial emptying fraction, while left atrial systolic tissue motion annular displacement and left atrial ejection fraction were used to assess left atrial systolic function.

Results: A statistically significant association between body weight and the dependent variables others than age was found. Indexed global and systolic tissue motion annular displacement decreased as body weight increased. Global iTMAD_AIIometric (mm/∛kg) showed a moderate, positive correlation with left atrial emptying fraction and with global left atrial strain. Systolic iTMAD_AIIometric (mm/∛kg) showed a moderate correlation with left atrial ejection fraction. Coefficients of variation for the intraobserver and interobserver analyses were 8.3% and 20.3% for global and 10.5% and 18.9% for systolic tissue motion annular displacement, respectively.

Clinical significance: Tissue motion annular displacement is a feasible and simple method for the evaluation of left atrial function. Our study documented the effects of body weight on left atrial tissue motion annular displacement, indicating that tissue motion annular displacement must be indexed to body weight. No influence of age or heart rate was observed on tissue motion annular displacement.

目的:最近,通过斑点追踪进行组织运动环位移已被证明是评估健康犬左心房变形的一种可靠方法。本研究旨在探讨组织运动环位移是否是研究左心房功能的另一种可行方法:研究对象包括 100 只健康犬。通过组织运动环位移评估左心房功能,该位移与左心房应变和双平面面积-长度法得出的体积相关。左心房储库功能通过左心房整体组织运动环位移、左心房整体应变和左心房排空分数进行评估,而左心房收缩组织运动环位移和左心房射血分数则用于评估左心房收缩功能:结果:体重与除年龄以外的其他因变量之间存在统计学意义上的明显联系。随着体重的增加,指数化的整体和收缩期组织运动环位移量减少。总体 iTMAD_AIIometric(毫米/∛千克)与左心房排空分数和总体左心房应变呈中度正相关。收缩期 iTMAD_AIIometric(mm/∛kg)与左心房射血分数呈中度相关。观察者内和观察者间分析的变异系数分别为:整体变异系数为 8.3% 和 20.3%,收缩期组织运动环位移变异系数为 10.5% 和 18.9%:组织运动环位移是评估左心房功能的一种简单可行的方法。我们的研究记录了体重对左心房组织运动环位移的影响,表明组织运动环位移必须与体重挂钩。年龄和心率对组织运动环位移没有影响。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Small Animal Practice
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