Squid-inspired and wirelessly controllable display for active camouflage in aquatic-environment

Achieving optimal camouflage in an aquatic environment necessitates the ability to modulate transmittance in response to the surrounding obscurity and potential threats. This adaptation involves a dynamic transition from transparency to a deep-blue color, especially in low-light or dark situations. Such a strategy promotes a seamless assimilation with the surroundings, enabling the absorption of searchlights and, subsequently, diminishing the risk of detection by predators. Therefore, the presence of sophisticated mechanisms that facilitates stable and efficient control of transmittance is imperative, enabling smooth transition between transparent and deep-blue hues within the aquatic environment. This study presents nature-inspired programmable camouflage system that integrates an electrochromic display as the primary transmittance change element and a wireless base module for power and data transmission. Such technology offers a robust and flexible construction, ensuring stable operation as demonstrated through mechanical-fatigue experiments and quantitative simulation. A custom circuit and a power-control software package enable active control of multiple electrochromic displays while submerged in water.