A mini-review on nano-enabled solutions for wastewater treatment: Addressing disinfection by-products

The sustainability of human life is intricately tied to a dependable supply of clean water, yet persistent anthropogenic activities have resulted in water contamination. This review focuses on health risks associated with disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water, emanating primarily from treated wastewater. Emerging nitrogenous, carbonaceous DBPs, and iodine-containing species present health concerns, but regulations predominantly target conventional DBPs. The application of nanotechnology in wastewater treatment holds promise for both enhanced treatment efficiency and potential energy savings. Nanotechnology offers a transformative solution, displaying efficacy in addressing DBP challenges. Applications in adsorption, membrane filtration, and catalytic degradation underscore nanomaterial versatility, holding promise for revolutionizing water treatment. Nanoparticles exhibit remarkable adsorption efficiency, membrane filtration benefits from modified membranes, and catalytic degradation processes employing nanoparticles show promise. This paper provides a concise summary of nanotechnology's application in the removal of DBPs from water, serving as a reference for scientists and environmental experts.