与国家食品控制系统有关的国际标准:还有更多工作要做?

IF 1.8 Q1 LAW European Journal of Risk Regulation Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI:10.1017/err.2024.9
Steve Wearne, Nicola Hinder, Tom Heilandt
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文介绍了食品法典委员会(CAC)如何针对世界贸易组织(WTO)的相关建议制定法规遵从文本,以及如何支持 CAC 成员国谈判和实施等效协议。我们考虑了食品法典委员会在以规则为基础的多边框架内的作用和职能,特别是在制定和实施等效概念方面。然后,我们考虑是否通过使用等效协议实现了贸易便利化成果。我们的假设是,关于监管服从的国际标准促进了公平但有抱负的标准,支持了安全食品贸易中的公平做法--这对全球粮食安全和实现许多联合国可持续发展目标都是至关重要的成果。我们以世贸组织动植物卫生检疫委员会的决定所提供的框架为基础,对这一假设进行了检验。我们认为,卫生与植物检疫委员会制定的等效概念和准则是适当的工具,但未得到充分利用,成员国可利用这些工具在其监管权之间取得平衡,以保护人类、动物或植物的生命和健康,实现合法目标,同时履行其世贸组织义务,避免采取构成不必要贸易壁垒的措施。
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International Standards for Regulatory Deference Relating to National Food Control Systems: More to Do?

This paper describes how the development of texts on regulatory deference by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) addresses relevant recommendations of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and supports Member countries of CAC in their negotiation and implementation of equivalence agreements. We consider the role and function of CAC within a rules-based multilateral framework, particularly in relation to the development and implementation of equivalence concepts. We then consider whether, through use of equivalence agreements, trade facilitation outcomes have been realised. Our hypothesis is that international standards on regulatory deference promote fair but aspirational standards and support fair practices in the trade of safe food – both vital outcomes for global food security and the achievement of many of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We test this hypothesis against the framework provided by decisions of the WTO Sanitary and Phytosanitary Committee. We argue that the equivalence concepts and guidelines developed by CAC are appropriate but underutilised tools available for Member countries to strike a balance between their right to regulate to protect human, animal or plant life and health and to fulfil legitimate objectives whilst meeting their WTO obligations to avoid measures that constitute unnecessary barriers to trade.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
34
期刊介绍: European Journal of Risk Regulation is an interdisciplinary forum bringing together legal practitioners, academics, risk analysts and policymakers in a dialogue on how risks to individuals’ health, safety and the environment are regulated across policy domains globally. The journal’s wide scope encourages exploration of public health, safety and environmental aspects of pharmaceuticals, food and other consumer products alongside a wider interpretation of risk, which includes financial regulation, technology-related risks, natural disasters and terrorism.
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