Diego Anazco , Andres Acosta , Elizabeth J. Cathcart-Rake , Stacy D. D'Andre , Maria D. Hurtado
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In this clinical review, we present systematic reviews and meta-analysis, randomized clinical trials, and prospective and retrospective observational studies that address the effect of different treatment modalities for obesity in cancer risk. In addition, we incorporate the opinions from experts in the field of obesity medicine and oncology regarding the potential of weight loss as a preventative intervention for cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Intentional weight loss achieved through different modalities has been associated with a reduced cancer incidence. To date, the effect of weight loss on the postmenopausal women population has been more widely studied, with multiple reports indicating a protective effect of weight loss on hormone-dependent malignancies. 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The effect of bariatric interventions as a protective intervention for cancer has been studied extensively, showing a significant reduction in cancer incidence and mortality, however, data for the effect of bariatric surgery on certain specific types of cancer is conflicting or limited.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Medical nutrition therapy, exercise, antiobesity medication, and bariatric interventions, might lead to a reduction in cancer risk through weight loss-dependent and independent factors. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景对于多种恶性肿瘤而言，过多的脂肪与致癌之间的联系已经得到证实，癌症是导致肥胖相关死亡率的主要因素之一。不同的减肥干预措施对癌症风险的潜在作用已得到评估，但其临床意义仍有待确定。在这篇临床综述中，我们介绍了评估减肥干预对癌症风险影响的数据。方法在这篇临床综述中，我们使用 MEDLINE、Embase、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 数据库对相关文献进行了全面检索，以查找从开始到 2024 年 1 月 20 日的相关研究。在本临床综述中，我们介绍了针对肥胖症不同治疗方式对癌症风险影响的系统综述和荟萃分析、随机临床试验以及前瞻性和回顾性观察研究。此外，我们还纳入了肥胖医学和肿瘤学领域专家关于减肥作为癌症预防干预措施的潜力的意见。结果通过不同方式实现的有意减肥与癌症发病率的降低有关。迄今为止，减肥对绝经后女性人群的影响研究较多，多份报告显示减肥对激素依赖性恶性肿瘤有保护作用。减肥干预作为一种癌症保护性干预措施，其效果已得到广泛研究，显示可显著降低癌症发病率和死亡率，但减肥手术对某些特定类型癌症的影响数据存在冲突或有限。还需要进一步的证据来更好地确定哪些人群可能受益最大，以及需要减轻多少体重才能产生临床上显著的预防效果。
The link between excess adiposity and carcinogenesis has been well established for multiple malignancies, and cancer is one of the main contributors to obesity-related mortality. The potential role of different weight-loss interventions on cancer risk modification has been assessed, however, its clinical implications remain to be determined. In this clinical review, we present the data assessing the effect of weight loss interventions on cancer risk.
Methods
In this clinical review, we conducted a comprehensive search of relevant literature using MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for relevant studies from inception to January 20, 2024. In this clinical review, we present systematic reviews and meta-analysis, randomized clinical trials, and prospective and retrospective observational studies that address the effect of different treatment modalities for obesity in cancer risk. In addition, we incorporate the opinions from experts in the field of obesity medicine and oncology regarding the potential of weight loss as a preventative intervention for cancer.
Results
Intentional weight loss achieved through different modalities has been associated with a reduced cancer incidence. To date, the effect of weight loss on the postmenopausal women population has been more widely studied, with multiple reports indicating a protective effect of weight loss on hormone-dependent malignancies. The effect of bariatric interventions as a protective intervention for cancer has been studied extensively, showing a significant reduction in cancer incidence and mortality, however, data for the effect of bariatric surgery on certain specific types of cancer is conflicting or limited.
Conclusion
Medical nutrition therapy, exercise, antiobesity medication, and bariatric interventions, might lead to a reduction in cancer risk through weight loss-dependent and independent factors. Further evidence is needed to better determine which population might benefit the most, and the amount of weight loss required to provide a clinically significant preventative effect.
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