更安全的性行为？艾滋病风险对出生率的影响

IF 3.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Journal of Health Economics Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2024.102867

Melissa K. Spencer

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引用次数: 0

摘要

为降低性传播感染风险而进行的行为调整可增加或减少怀孕的可能性。本文衡量了 20 世纪 80 年代和 90 年代艾滋病在美国各城市的出现和传播对出生率和堕胎率的影响。我的研究表明，艾滋病的流行使出生率上升了 0.55%，堕胎率上升了 1.77%。我发现有两种基本机制可以解释怀孕率上升的原因。一些妇女为了应对艾滋病的流行，选择了一夫一妻制的伴侣关系，从而相应地提高了结婚率，改善了婴儿的健康状况。另一些妇女则从处方避孕法改为使用避孕套。这些行为变化降低了其他性传播感染的发病率，但增加了计划内和计划外怀孕。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Safer sex? The effect of AIDS risk on birth rates

Behavioral adjustments to mitigate increasing risk of STIs can increase or decrease the likelihood of pregnancy. This paper measures the effects of the arrival and spread of AIDS across U.S. cities in the 1980s and 1990s on births and abortions. I show that the AIDS epidemic increased the birth rate by 0.55 percent and the abortion rate by 1.77 percent. I find support for two underlying mechanisms to explain the increase in pregnancies. Some women opted into monogamous partnerships in response to the AIDS epidemic, with a corresponding increase in the marriage rate and improvement in infant health. Others switched from prescription contraceptive methods to condoms. These behavioral changes lowered the incidence of other sexually transmitted infections, but increased both planned and unplanned pregnancies.

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来源期刊

Journal of Health Economics 医学-卫生保健

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

2.90%

发文量

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： This journal seeks articles related to the economics of health and medical care. Its scope will include the following topics: Production and supply of health services; Demand and utilization of health services; Financing of health services; Determinants of health, including investments in health and risky health behaviors; Economic consequences of ill-health; Behavioral models of demanders, suppliers and other health care agencies; Evaluation of policy interventions that yield economic insights; Efficiency and distributional aspects of health policy; and such other topics as the Editors may deem appropriate.