{"title":"火山遗产的挑战性:福戈岛(西非佛得角)","authors":"V. Alfama, M. H. Henriques, A. Barros","doi":"10.1007/s12371-024-00939-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many volcanic landscapes reflect the essence of volcanism and are particularly attractive to different kinds of visitors, featuring the concept of volcanic geoheritage. The expressiveness of volcanic processes is exacerbated in active volcanoes, which increasingly attracts geotourism, despite the natural hazards associated to such geological environment. This work reports how the 2014–2015 eruption of the Fogo volcano at Cabo Verde (West Africa) affected the geoheritage of the central part of the caldera, classified since 2003 as Natural Park, and which caused the destruction of several villages but enabled the occurrence of new geosites. Chã das Caldeiras is the only inhabited area within the perimeter of the park and the unique case of human settlement inside the crater of an active volcano. Besides agriculture, geotourism is an important economic activity for the local communities, and both were devastated after the eruption. However, after the 2014–2015 crisis and despite the eruption risk the local population decided to return to the affected villages and re-start their former life, including geotourism which has since recorded enormous growth. The volcanic geoheritage has dynamic nature that stand out from the majority of stable geosites, with periodic destruction of geosites and corresponding geotouristic infrastructures, and the emergence of new geosites. But despite the costs of rehabilitating, this type of geoheritage must be seen as an economic asset capable of attracting visitors to travel to destinations subject to the risk of eruptions, therefore contributing to foster the typical community-based tourism of normally inhospitable territories.</p>","PeriodicalId":48924,"journal":{"name":"Geoheritage","volume":"280 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Challenging Nature of Volcanic Heritage: The Fogo Island (Cabo Verde, W Africa)\",\"authors\":\"V. Alfama, M. H. Henriques, A. Barros\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s12371-024-00939-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Many volcanic landscapes reflect the essence of volcanism and are particularly attractive to different kinds of visitors, featuring the concept of volcanic geoheritage. The expressiveness of volcanic processes is exacerbated in active volcanoes, which increasingly attracts geotourism, despite the natural hazards associated to such geological environment. This work reports how the 2014–2015 eruption of the Fogo volcano at Cabo Verde (West Africa) affected the geoheritage of the central part of the caldera, classified since 2003 as Natural Park, and which caused the destruction of several villages but enabled the occurrence of new geosites. Chã das Caldeiras is the only inhabited area within the perimeter of the park and the unique case of human settlement inside the crater of an active volcano. Besides agriculture, geotourism is an important economic activity for the local communities, and both were devastated after the eruption. However, after the 2014–2015 crisis and despite the eruption risk the local population decided to return to the affected villages and re-start their former life, including geotourism which has since recorded enormous growth. The volcanic geoheritage has dynamic nature that stand out from the majority of stable geosites, with periodic destruction of geosites and corresponding geotouristic infrastructures, and the emergence of new geosites. But despite the costs of rehabilitating, this type of geoheritage must be seen as an economic asset capable of attracting visitors to travel to destinations subject to the risk of eruptions, therefore contributing to foster the typical community-based tourism of normally inhospitable territories.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48924,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Geoheritage\",\"volume\":\"280 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-08\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Geoheritage\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-024-00939-9\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Geoheritage","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-024-00939-9","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
许多火山景观反映了火山活动的本质,特别吸引不同类型的游客,具有火山地质遗产的概念。火山过程的表现力在活火山中更加强烈,尽管这种地质环境存在自然灾害,但活火山对地质旅游的吸引力却与日俱增。这项工作报告了佛得角(西非)福戈火山 2014-2015 年的喷发如何影响火山口中部的地质遗产,该火山口自 2003 年起被列为自然公园,喷发造成了几个村庄的毁灭,但也带来了新的地质景观。Chã das Caldeiras 是公园周边唯一有人居住的地区,也是人类在活火山火山口内定居的独特案例。除农业外,地质旅游也是当地社区的一项重要经济活动。然而,在 2014-2015 年危机之后,尽管火山爆发存在风险,当地居民还是决定返回受影响的村庄,重新开始他们以前的生活,包括地质旅游业,并在此后取得了巨大的发展。火山地质遗产具有动态性,与大多数稳定的地质遗迹截然不同,地质遗迹和相应的地质旅游基础设施会定期遭到破坏,同时又会出现新的地质遗迹。不过,尽管修复成本高昂,但必须将这类地质遗产视为一种经济资产,能够吸引游客前往有火山爆发风险的目的地,从而有助于促进通常荒凉地区的典型社区旅游。
The Challenging Nature of Volcanic Heritage: The Fogo Island (Cabo Verde, W Africa)
Many volcanic landscapes reflect the essence of volcanism and are particularly attractive to different kinds of visitors, featuring the concept of volcanic geoheritage. The expressiveness of volcanic processes is exacerbated in active volcanoes, which increasingly attracts geotourism, despite the natural hazards associated to such geological environment. This work reports how the 2014–2015 eruption of the Fogo volcano at Cabo Verde (West Africa) affected the geoheritage of the central part of the caldera, classified since 2003 as Natural Park, and which caused the destruction of several villages but enabled the occurrence of new geosites. Chã das Caldeiras is the only inhabited area within the perimeter of the park and the unique case of human settlement inside the crater of an active volcano. Besides agriculture, geotourism is an important economic activity for the local communities, and both were devastated after the eruption. However, after the 2014–2015 crisis and despite the eruption risk the local population decided to return to the affected villages and re-start their former life, including geotourism which has since recorded enormous growth. The volcanic geoheritage has dynamic nature that stand out from the majority of stable geosites, with periodic destruction of geosites and corresponding geotouristic infrastructures, and the emergence of new geosites. But despite the costs of rehabilitating, this type of geoheritage must be seen as an economic asset capable of attracting visitors to travel to destinations subject to the risk of eruptions, therefore contributing to foster the typical community-based tourism of normally inhospitable territories.
期刊介绍:
The Geoheritage journal is an international journal dedicated to discussing all aspects of our global geoheritage, both in situ and portable. The journal will invite all contributions on the conservation of sites and materials - use, protection and practical heritage management - as well as its interpretation through education, training and tourism.
The journal wishes to cover all aspects of geoheritage and its protection. Key topics are:
- Identification, characterisation, quantification and management of geoheritage;
- Geodiversity and geosites;
- On-site science, geological and geomorphological research:
- Global scientific heritage - key scientific geosites, GSSPs, stratotype conservation
and management;
- Scientific research and education, and the promotion of the geosciences thereby;
- Conventions, statute and legal instruments, national and international;
- Integration of biodiversity and geodiversity in nature conservation and land-use
policies;
- Geological heritage and Environmental Impact Assessment studies;
- Geological heritage, sustainable development, community action, practical initiatives and tourism;
- Geoparks: creation, management and outputs;
- Conservation in the natural world, Man-made and natural impacts, climate change;
- Geotourism definitions, methodologies, and case studies;
- International mechanisms for conservation and popularisation - World Heritage Sites,
National Parks etc.;
- Materials, data and people important in the history of science, museums, collections
and all portable geoheritage;
- Education and training of geoheritage specialists;
- Pedagogical use of geological heritage - publications, teaching media, trails, centres,
on-site museums;
- Linking the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005- 2014) with geoconservation.