比较从花旗松提取的酸改性和碱改性生物炭去除废水中的铜(II)的效果

B. Arwenyo, Prashan M. Rodrigo, O. Olabode, Hashani P. Abeysinghe, Jessie N. Tisdale, Rose C. Azuba, T. Mlsna
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引用次数: 0

摘要

铜是一种不可生物降解的重金属,水体中高含量的铜会造成严重的环境和健康问题。花旗松生物炭具有较多的羧基、酚基和乳酸基,这些基团为去除铜提供了合适的活性位点。使用 20% 的 KOH 溶液(KOH/BC)、H2SO4 溶液(H2SO4/BC)和 Na2CO3 溶液(Na2CO3/BC)对花旗松生物炭(BC)进行改性。所有材料均使用 SEM、SEM-EDS、FTIR、TGA、XRD、BET 和元素分析进行表征。进行这些改性是为了通过测量铜去除率来比较这些位点的活化情况。KOH/BC、H2SO4/BC 和 Na2CO3/BC 材料的表面积分别为 389.3、326.7 和 367.9 m2 g-1,而原始生物炭的表面积为 578.9 m2 g-1。Na2CO3/BC、KOH/BC、BC 和 H2SO4/BC 的最大兰姆吸附容量分别为 24.79、18.31、17.38 和 9.17 毫克 g-1。在初始铜浓度为 2 毫克/升(pH 值为 5)时,与原始 BC 相比,所有三种改性物质的动力学速度都更快。铜的去除效率在四种不同的加标真水基质中得到了验证。在初始浓度为 2 毫克/升、生物炭用量为 2 克/升时,四种水基质的铜去除率均超过 90%。在 Cu2+ 和所有四种材料的竞争离子浓度相等的情况下,研究了 Pb2+、Zn2+、Cd2+ 和 Mg2+ 的竞争效应。
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Comparison of Acid- and Base-Modified Biochar Derived from Douglas Fir for Removal of Copper (II) from Wastewater
Copper is a non-biodegradable heavy metal, and high levels in water bodies cause serious environmental and health issues. Douglas fir biochar has a higher number of carboxylic, phenolic, and lactonic groups, which provide suitable active sites for copper removal. Douglas fir biochar (BC) was modified using 20% solutions of KOH (KOH/BC), H2SO4, (H2SO4/BC), and Na2CO3 (Na2CO3/BC). All materials were characterized using SEM, SEM-EDS, FTIR, TGA, XRD, BET, and elemental analysis. These modifications were done to compare the activations of those sites by measuring copper removal efficiencies. KOH/BC, H2SO4/BC, and Na2CO3/BC materials gave surface areas of 389.3, 326.7, and 367.9 m2 g−1, respectively, compared with pristine biochar with a surface area of 578.9 m2 g−1. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacities for Na2CO3/BC, KOH/BC, BC, and H2SO4/BC were 24.79, 18.31, 17.38, and 9.17 mg g−1, respectively. All three modifications gave faster kinetics at 2 mg/L initial copper concentrations (pH 5) compared with pristine BC. The copper removal efficiency was demonstrated in four different spiked real water matrices. The copper removals of all four water matrices were above 90% at 2 mg/L initial concentration with a 2 g/L biochar dosage. The competitive effects of Pb2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Mg2+ were studied at equimolar concentrations of Cu2+ and competitive ions for all four materials.
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